Elven

Natively known as: belanori /bɛˈlɐːnɔˌɹɪ/

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
duth tɐː doshan dedna tɐː bunfar duth miod tɐː shique manir uv tifethoth
Pronunciation: /dəð tɐː dɔˈʃɐːn dɛdˈnɐː tɐː bənˈfɐːɹ dəð mɪˈɔd tɐː ʃɪˈkəɛ mɐːˈnɪɹ ʌv tɪˈfɛðɔð/
Belanorish word order: and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face the wind to

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: b c d f g h j k l m n ñ p q r s t v w

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Glottal
Nasal	m		n ñ
Stop	p b		t d	c	k g	q
Fricative		f v	s				h
Approximant				j
Trill			r
Lateral approximant			l

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-velar
Approximant	w

Vowel inventory: a á e ë i í o ó u y

	Front	Back
High	i í y	u
High-mid	e	o ó
Low	a á

Syllable structure: Custom defined ?
Stress pattern: Second — stress is on the second syllable ?
Sound changes (in order of application):

• a → ɐː
• b → b
• ch → ʧ
• c → k
• d → d
• e → ɛ
• ë → e
• f → f
• g → g
• h → h
• i → ɪ
• j → ʤ
• k → k
• l → l
• m → m
• ng → ŋ
• n → n
• o → ɔ
• p → p
• q → k
• r → ɹ
• sh → ʃ
• s → s
• th → ð
• t → t
• u → ʌ / #_
• u → ə
• v → v
• w → w
• x → ks
• y → i
• z → z

Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling

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Grammar

Main word order: Subject Verb Object (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary opened the door with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: postpositions ?

Nouns

	Masculine	Feminine
Singular	No affix yf /if/ boy	No affix nordis /nɔɹˈdɪs/ girl
Plural	Prefix mi- miyf /mɪˈif/ boys	If ends with vowel: Suffix -d Else: Suffix -i nordisi /nɔɹˈdɪsɪ/ girls

Articles

Definite	a /ɐː/ the
Indefinite	hah /hɐːh/ a, some

Uses of definite article that differ from English:

• Not used for mass (uncountable) nouns: ‘Walking in the mud’ would always translate to ‘Walking in mud’.
• Used for languages: ‘The English’

Pronouns

1st singular	ses /sɛs/ I, me, mine
2nd singular	dear /dɛˈɐːɹ/ you, yours
3rd singular masc	ta /tɐː/ he, him, his, it (masc), its (masc)
3rd singular fem	kahshas /kɐːhˈʃɐːs/ she, her, hers, it (fem), its (fem)
1st plural	shenshan /ʃɛnˈʃɐːn/ we, us, ours
2nd plural	ashaf /ɐːˈʃɐːf/ you all, yours (pl)
3rd plural masc	odil /ɔˈdɪl/ they (masc), them (masc), theirs (masc)
3rd plural fem	ath /ɐːð/ they (fem), them (fem), theirs (fem)

Possessive determiners

	Possessive
1st singular	sɛs /sɛs/ my
2nd singular	dɛɐːɹ /dɛˈɐːɹ/ your
3rd singular masc	tɐː /tɐː/ his
3rd singular fem	kɐːhʃɐːs /kɐːhˈʃɐːs/ her
1st plural	ʃɛnʃɐːn /ʃɛnˈʃɐːn/ our
2nd plural	ɐːʃɐːf /ɐːˈʃɐːf/ your (pl)
3rd plural masc	ɔdɪl /ɔˈdɪl/ their (masc)
3rd plural fem	ɐːð /ɐːð/ their (fem)

Verbs

	Masculine	Feminine
Present	Suffix -ar shadanar /ʃɐːˈdɐːnɐːɹ/ (I (masc)/we (masc)/you (masc)/you all (masc)/it (masc)/he/they (masc)) learn(s)	Prefix shi- shishadan /ʃɪˈʃɐːdɐːn/ (I (fem)/we (fem)/you (fem)/you all (fem)/it (fem)/she/they (fem)) learn(s)
Past	No affix shadan /ʃɐːˈdɐːn/ (I (masc)/we (masc)/you (masc)/you all (masc)/it (masc)/he/they (masc)) learned	No affix shadan /ʃɐːˈdɐːn/ (I (fem)/we (fem)/you (fem)/you all (fem)/it (fem)/she/they (fem)) learned
Future	Prefix de- deshadan /dɛˈʃɐːdɐːn/ (I (masc)/we (masc)/you (masc)/you all (masc)/it (masc)/he/they (masc)) will learn	If ends with vowel: Suffix -t Else: Suffix -o shadano /ʃɐːˈdɐːnɔ/ (I (fem)/we (fem)/you (fem)/you all (fem)/it (fem)/she/they (fem)) will learn

Numbers

Belanorish has a base-10 number system:
1 - thashorshir
2 - morbashor
3 - shorthih
4 - llostosder
5 - lathad
6 - la
7 - thomato
8 - athmara
9 - kerlan
10 - ufur
100 - mustel
1000 - ashvoh

Derivational morphology

Adjective → adverb = Prefix la-
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Suffix -eth
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -sh
Else: Suffix -a
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Suffix -ad
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = Prefix da-
Noun to verb = If ends with vowel: Suffix -b
Else: Suffix -a
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Prefix si-
Tending to = Suffix -oc
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Prefix qua-
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Suffix -am
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Suffix -uf
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Suffix -ak
Diminutive = Prefix tha-
Augmentative = Prefix fa-

Dictionary

3120 Words.

Successor Languages

• Vaenori Elvish