Mejornic
Natively known as: Leeti /ˈleːti/
Spelling & Phonology
Consonant inventory: /b d f fː h j k kː l lː m mː n nː p pː r rː s sː t tː ŋ ʋ/↓Manner/Place→ | Bilabial | Labiodental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m mː | n nː | ŋ | |||
Stop | p pː b | t tː d | k kː | |||
Fricative | f fː | s sː | h | |||
Approximant | ʋ | j | ||||
Trill | r rː | |||||
Lateral approximant | l lː |
Vowel inventory: /e ei̯ eu̯ eː i ie̯ iː o oi̯ ou̯ oː u ui̯ uo̯ uː y yi̯ yø̯ yː æ æi̯ æy̯ æː ø øi̯ øy̯ ɑ ɑi̯ ɑu̯ ɑː/
Diphthongs: ei̯, eu̯, ie̯, oi̯, ou̯, ui̯, uo̯, yi̯, yø̯, æi̯, æy̯, øi̯, øy̯, ɑi̯, ɑu̯Front | Back | |
---|---|---|
High | i iː y yː | u uː |
High-mid | e eː ø | o oː |
Near-low | æ æː | |
Low | ɑ ɑː |
Stress pattern: No fixed stress
Word initial consonants: d, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, ʋ
Mid-word consonants: b, d, f, fː, h, hd, hj, hk, hm, ht, hʋ, j, k, ks, kː, l, lh, lj, lk, ll, lm, lp, lpː, lt, ltː, lʋ, lː, m, mp, mpː, mː, n, nh, np, nr, ns, nsː, nt, ntː, nː, p, ps, pt, pː, r, rh, rj, rk, rkː, rm, rp, rst, rt, rʋ, rː, s, sk, st, sː, t, tk, tn, ts, tː, ŋk, ŋkː, ʋ
Word final consonants: ks, l, n, p, rt, s, t Phonological changes (in order of application):
- l → n / #_
- k → x / V_t
- l → s / _k
- i → Ø / _#
- h → Ø / V_
Pronunciation | Spelling |
---|---|
eː | ee |
fː | ff |
iː | ii |
kː | kk |
lː | ll |
oː | oo |
sː | ss |
tː | tt |
uː | uu |
yː | yy |
æ | ä |
æː | ää |
ø | ö |
ŋ | n |
ɑ | a |
ɑː | aa |
ʋ | v |
Grammar
Main word order: Subject-Oblique-Object-Verb. "Mary opened the door with a key" turns into Mary with a key the door opened.Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: postpositions
Noun
Singular | No affix
vi /ʋi/ |
Plural | If contains (æ|æː|y|eː|ie̯|æy̯|yø̯|yː|æi̯|ø|yi̯|øi̯|øy̯): Suffix -eːl
Else: Suffix -irt viirt /ˈʋiirt/ |
Nouns have three cases: Ergative is the doer of a verb: dog bites man. The ergative affix only appears if there is an absolutive in the sentence. Absolutive is the done-to of a verb: man bites dog. Absolutives are always no affix. Genitive is the possessor of something: dog’s tail hits man.
Ergative | If contains (æ|æː|y|eː|ie̯|æy̯|yø̯|yː|æi̯|ø|yi̯|øi̯|øy̯): Suffix -yi̯l
Else: Suffix -ɑu̯n viau̯n /ˈʋiɑu̯n/ |
Absolutive | No affix
vi /ʋi/ |
Genitive | If contains (æ|æː|y|eː|ie̯|æy̯|yø̯|yː|æi̯|ø|yi̯|øi̯|øy̯): Suffix -æy̯n
Else: Suffix -ɑu̯rt viau̯rt /ˈʋiɑu̯rt/ |
Articles
Definite | ve /ʋe/
the |
Indefinite | ji /ji/
a, some |
Pronouns
Ergative | Absolutive | Genitive | |
---|---|---|---|
1st singular | ja /jɑ/
I |
ve /ʋe/
me |
vaa /ʋɑː/
my, mine |
2nd singular | vy /ʋy/
you |
tau̯ks /tɑu̯ks/
you |
töy̯s /tøy̯s/
your, yours |
3rd singular masc | tai̯ks /tɑi̯ks/
he, it |
kään /kæːn/
him, it |
kop /kop/
his, its |
3rd singular fem | au̯ks /ɑu̯ks/
she, it |
na /nɑ/
her, it |
ta /tɑ/
her, hers, its |
1st plural inclusive | tui̯ /tui̯/
we (including you) |
däi̯ks /dæi̯ks/
us (including you) |
lie̯ks /lie̯ks/
our, ours (including you) |
1st plural exclusive | turt /turt/
we (excluding you) |
pa /pɑ/
us (excluding you) |
jöi̯ks /jøi̯ks/
our, ours (excluding you) |
2nd plural | lä /læ/
you (all) |
nou̯t /nou̯t/
you (all) |
lie̯l /lie̯l/
your, yours (all) |
3rd plural | lai̯ /lɑi̯/
they |
jyyt /jyːt/
them |
ui̯ /ui̯/
their, theirs |
Verbs
Past tense may be indicated with the word:Past particle | tai̯ /tɑi̯/
past tense particle |
Future | If contains (æ|æː|y|eː|ie̯|æy̯|yø̯|yː|æi̯|ø|yi̯|øi̯|øy̯): Suffix -in
Else: Suffix -in noi̯tin /ˈnoi̯tin/ |
Perfect aspect
Perfect aspect in English is exemplified in ‘I have read this book’, which expresses an event that took place before the time spoken but which has an effect on or is in some way still relevant to the present. In Leeti, the perfect is constructed with an affixPerfect | If contains (æ|æː|y|eː|ie̯|æy̯|yø̯|yː|æi̯|ø|yi̯|øi̯|øy̯): Prefix e-
Else: Prefix iː- iinoi̯t /ˈiːnoi̯t/ |
Numbers
Leeti has a base-10 number system:
1 - voks
2 - hat
3 - pää
4 - vort
5 - tikkou̯kirt
6 - deel
7 - pai̯s
8 - tes
9 - ty
10 - syt
11 - syt nau̯ voks “ten and one”
100 - voks pöt “one hundred”
101 - voks pöt nau̯ voks “one hundred and one”
200 - hat pöt
1000 - voks ha “one thousand”
Derivational morphology
Adjective → adverb = If contains (æ|æː|y|eː|ie̯|æy̯|yø̯|yː|æi̯|ø|yi̯|øi̯|øy̯): Suffix -øy̯rt
Else: Suffix -ɑu̯n
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = If contains (æ|æː|y|eː|ie̯|æy̯|yø̯|yː|æi̯|ø|yi̯|øi̯|øy̯): Prefix peː-
Else: Prefix luo̯-
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = If contains (æ|æː|y|eː|ie̯|æy̯|yø̯|yː|æi̯|ø|yi̯|øi̯|øy̯): Suffix -yø̯l
Else: Suffix -uːt
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = If contains (æ|æː|y|eː|ie̯|æy̯|yø̯|yː|æi̯|ø|yi̯|øi̯|øy̯): Suffix -yː
Else: Suffix -uː
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If contains (æ|æː|y|eː|ie̯|æy̯|yø̯|yː|æi̯|ø|yi̯|øi̯|øy̯): Suffix -is
Else: Suffix -uːt
Noun → verb (to create [noun]) = If contains (æ|æː|y|eː|ie̯|æy̯|yø̯|yː|æi̯|ø|yi̯|øi̯|øy̯): Suffix -øi̯
Else: Suffix -uo̯
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If contains (æ|æː|y|eː|ie̯|æy̯|yø̯|yː|æi̯|ø|yi̯|øi̯|øy̯): Prefix ni-
Else: Prefix puo̯-
Verb → adjective (likely to do [verb]) = If contains (æ|æː|y|eː|ie̯|æy̯|yø̯|yː|æi̯|ø|yi̯|øi̯|øy̯): Suffix -æi̯n
Else: Suffix -en
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = If contains (æ|æː|y|eː|ie̯|æy̯|yø̯|yː|æi̯|ø|yi̯|øi̯|øy̯): Prefix øy̯-
Else: Prefix ui̯-
Verb → noun that verb physically produces (e.g. build → building) = If contains (æ|æː|y|eː|ie̯|æy̯|yø̯|yː|æi̯|ø|yi̯|øi̯|øy̯): Prefix æ-
Else: Prefix i-
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = If contains (æ|æː|y|eː|ie̯|æy̯|yø̯|yː|æi̯|ø|yi̯|øi̯|øy̯): Suffix -æy̯s
Else: Suffix -up
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = If contains (æ|æː|y|eː|ie̯|æy̯|yø̯|yː|æi̯|ø|yi̯|øi̯|øy̯): Prefix e-
Else: Prefix ei̯-
Diminutive = If contains (æ|æː|y|eː|ie̯|æy̯|yø̯|yː|æi̯|ø|yi̯|øi̯|øy̯): Prefix ie̯-
Else: Prefix ou̯-
Augmentative = If contains (æ|æː|y|eː|ie̯|æy̯|yø̯|yː|æi̯|ø|yi̯|øi̯|øy̯): Suffix -æ
Else: Suffix -u
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