First Mexican Civil War

The First Mexican Civil War was a conflict following the independence of Mexico. The conflict ended in liberal victory, thanks to financial and military support from Kingdom of America.

The Conflict

Prelude

Mexico gained independence from Spain in 1820. After this, Vicente Guerrero, revolutionary general, was crowned as Emperor. He facilitated the inclusion of Central America into the Empire, abolished slavery, and expanded male suffrage. The liberal actions of Vicente gained him much praise from the Mexican people, but also much criticism from the conservative elite led by Augustin Iturbide.

Deployment

The liberal factions of the Mexican government managed to raise an army of volunteers and American military units. The conservative faction had greater financial capabilities and quickly gained control of the industrial centers outside of Mexico City.
A brief rebellion was crushed in 1826 by united American and Mexican forces as General Anastasio Bustamante attempted to establish a republic. This was the last time a republican coups was attampted until 1865.

The Engagement

With American military support, the liberals retained control of the major economic centers. However, the conservatives took the industrial markets in an attempt to cut off the liberal's combat capabilities. The American logistical support ensured that this plan failed.

Outcome

Initial conflicts ended in a victory for Emperor Vicente I. Iturbide was defeated and sued for peace. In the negotiations, Guerrero's daughter married Iturbide's son. This was done in an attempt to placate both sides. Their child was to inherit both Houses.

Aftermath

After the death of Vicente I in 1841, the Iturbides once again rose up in rebellion once again. Empress Maria called upon help from America, Brazil, and Haiti. The combined coalition defeated the conservatives, and the Iturbide's were subsequently executed.

Battlefield Type

Land

Start Date

1821

Ending Date

1827

Conflict Result

Liberal Victories

Belligerents

Liberals

• Guerrero

Led by

• Maria Guerrero
• Vicente I

Conservatives

• Iturbide

Led by

• Augustin Iturbide
• Augustin Jerome Iturbide

Strength

Casualties

Objectives

Retain control of the government.

Take control of the government.