Auran

Natively known as: irnushdem /ɪɹˈnʌʃdɛm/

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
vehum i afna jyjum i wen vehum timadew i wud kydasu walzyd af
Pronunciation: /ˈvɛhʌm ɪ ˈɑfnɑ ˈʤiʤʌm ɪ wɛn ˈvɛhʌm tɪˈmɑdɛw ɪ wʌd kiˈdɑsʌ ˈwɑlzid ɑf/
Irnushdemish word order: and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: c d f g h j k l m n r s t v w z

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	m		n
Stop			t d	c	k g
Fricative		f v	s z			h
Approximant				j
Trill			r
Lateral approximant			l

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-velar
Approximant	w

Vowel inventory: a e i u y

	Front	Back
High	i y	u
High-mid	e
Low	a

Syllable structure: Custom defined ?
Stress pattern: Penultimate — stress is on the second last syllable ?
Sound changes (in order of application):

• a → ɑ
• bb → b
• b → b
• ch → ʧ
• c → k
• d → d
• e → ɛ
• ff → f
• f → f
• gg → g
• g → g
• h → h
• i → ɪ
• j → ʤ
• kk → k
• k → k
• ll → l
• l → l
• m → m
• ng → ŋ
• nn → n
• n → n
• o → o
• p → p
• q → k
• r → ɹ
• sh → ʃ
• ss → s
• s → s
• th → θ
• t → t
• u → ʌ
• v → v
• w → w
• x → ks
• y → i
• z → z

Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
ɑ	a
b	b
ʧ	ch
d	d
ɛ	e
f	f
g	g
h	h
i	i
ɪ	i
ʤ	j
k	k
l	l
m	m
ŋ	ng
n	n
o	o
p	p
ɹ	r
ʃ	sh
s	s
θ	th
t	t
ʌ	u
v	v
w	w
z	z

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Grammar

Main word order: Subject Verb Object (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary opened the door with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: prepositions ?

Nouns

Singular	No affix diwinru /dɪˈwɪnɹʌ/ dog
Plural	If ends with vowel: Suffix -l Else: Suffix -a diwinrul /dɪˈwɪnɹʌl/ dogs

Articles

Definite	din /dɪn/ the
Indefinite	ku /kʌ/ a, some

Uses of definite article that differ from English:

• Used for languages: ‘The English’

Uses of indefinite article that differ from English:

• Not used for non-specific countable nouns: non-specific means ‘I am looking for a (any) girl in a red dress’, whereas specific means ‘I am looking for a (particular) girl in a red dress’
• Not used for non-specific mass (uncountable) nouns: non-specific means ‘Would you like some (any) tea?’ whereas specific means ‘Some tea (a specific amount) fell off the truck’

Pronouns

1st singular	e /ɛ/ I, me, mine
2nd singular	a /ɑ/ you, yours
3rd singular	i /ɪ/ he, him, his, she, her, hers, it, its
1st plural	fu /fʌ/ we, us, ours
2nd plural	kem /kɛm/ you all, yours (pl)
3rd plural	u /ʌ/ they, them, theirs

Possessive determiners

	Possessive
1st singular	e /ɛ/ my
2nd singular	a /ɑ/ your
3rd singular	i /ɪ/ his, her, its
1st plural	fu /fʌ/ our
2nd plural	kem /kɛm/ your (pl)
3rd plural	u /ʌ/ their

Verbs

Present	No affix zanil /ˈzɑnɪl/ learn
Past	Prefix ga- gazanil /gɑˈzɑnɪl/ learned
Remote past	Suffix -as zanilas /zɑˈnɪlɑs/ learned (long ago)

Irnushdemish uses a standalone particle word for future tense:

Future

Particle before the verb: ven - ven zanil /vɛn ˈzɑnɪl/ will learn

Imperfective aspect

The ‘imperfective’ aspect refers to ongoing actions, such as I am learning and habitual actions, such as I learn (something new every day).
Irnushdemish uses a standalone particle word for imperfective:

Imperfective

Particle before the verb: ny - ny zanil /ni ˈzɑnɪl/ learns/is learning

Perfect aspect

The perfect aspect in English is exemplified in ‘I have read this book’, which expresses an event that took place before the time spoken but which has an effect on or is in some way still relevant to the present.
Irnushdemish uses an affix for the perfect aspect:

Perfect

Suffix -av zanilav /zɑˈnɪlɑv/ have learned

Numbers

Irnushdemish has a base-10 number system:
1 - si
2 - wyjesh
3 - ez
4 - hilain
5 - mi
6 - fewal
7 - lehim
8 - ycef
9 - mahem
10 - fugal
100 - syl
1000 - cuwashzud

Derivational morphology

Adjective → adverb = If ends with vowel: Suffix -v
Else: Suffix -y
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Prefix wy-
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Prefix da-
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Prefix wy-
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -t
Else: Suffix -u
Noun to verb = Prefix ge-
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Prefix re-
Tending to = Suffix -av
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -k
Else: Suffix -u
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Prefix hi-
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Prefix sy-
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -c
Else: Suffix -u
Diminutive = Prefix ji-
Augmentative = Prefix fu-

Dictionary

3114 Words.