Aquan

Natively known as: jobhov /ˈʤobhov/

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
zybha ak ew bhyrbyhz ak co zybha rhyhfa ak zammev mammar pemuhz puv
Pronunciation: /ˈzɪbhɑ ɑk ɛw ˈbhɪɹbihz ɑk ko ˈzɪbhɑ ˈɹhihfɑ ɑk ˈzɑmmɛv ˈmɑmmɑɹ ˈpɛmʌhz pʌv/
Jobhovian word order: and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: b c d f g h j k l m n p r s v w z

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	m		n
Stop	p b		d	c	k g
Fricative		f v	s z			h
Approximant				j
Trill			r
Lateral approximant			l

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-velar
Approximant	w

Vowel inventory: a e i o u y

	Front	Back
High	i y	u
High-mid	e	o
Low	a

Syllable structure: Custom defined ?
Stress pattern: Penultimate — stress is on the second last syllable ?
Sound changes (in order of application):

• a → ɑ
• b → b
• ch → ʧ
• c → k
• d → d
• e → ɛ
• f → f
• g → g
• h → h
• i → ɪ
• j → ʤ
• kk → k
• k → k
• ll → l
• l → l
• m → m
• ng → ŋ
• nn → n
• n → n
• o → o
• p → p
• q → k
• r → ɹ
• sh → ʃ
• ss → s
• s → s
• th → θ
• t → t
• u → ʌ
• v → v
• w → w
• x → ks
• y → i
• z → z

Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
ɑ	a
b	b
ʧ	ch
d	d
ɛ	e
f	f
g	g
h	h
i	y
ɪ	i
ʤ	j
k	k
l	l
m	m
ŋ	ng
n	n
o	o
p	p
ɹ	r
ʃ	sh
s	s
θ	th
t	t
ʌ	u
v	v
w	w
x	ks
z	z

---

Grammar

Main word order: Subject Verb Object (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary opened the door with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: prepositions ?

Nouns

Singular	Prefix fo- fofypy /foˈfipɪ/ dog
Plural	No affix fypy /ˈfipɪ/ dogs

Articles

Jobhovian has no definite article ‘the’, or indefinite article ‘a’.

Pronouns

1st singular	oz /oz/ I, me, mine
2nd singular	o /o/ you, yours
3rd singular masc	ac /ɑk/ he, him, his, it (masc), its (masc)
3rd singular fem	e /ɛ/ she, her, hers, it (fem), its (fem)
1st plural	dash /dɑʃ/ we, us, ours
2nd plural	weh /wɛh/ you all, yours (pl)
3rd plural	ha /hɑ/ they, them, theirs

Possessive determiners

	Possessive
1st singular	oz /oz/ my
2nd singular	o /o/ your
3rd singular masc	ak /ɑk/ his
3rd singular fem	e /ɛ/ her
1st plural	dash /dɑʃ/ our
2nd plural	weh /wɛh/ your (pl)
3rd plural	ha /hɑ/ their

Verbs

Present	No affix khahzyceh /khɑhˈzɪkɛh/ learn
Past	If ends with vowel: Suffix -b Else: Suffix -a khahzyceha /ˌkhɑhzɪˈkɛhɑ/ learned
Remote past	Prefix fi- fykhahzyceh /ˌfɪkhɑhˈzɪkɛh/ learned (long ago)
Future	Prefix sha- shakhahzyceh /ˌʃɑkhɑhˈzɪkɛh/ will learn

Progressive aspect

The ‘progressive’ aspect refers to actions that are happening at the time of speaking, such as I am learning.
Jobhovian uses a standalone particle word for progressive:

Progressive

Particle before the verb: ly - ly khahzyceh /li khɑhˈzɪkɛh/ is learning

Habitual aspect

The ‘habitual’ aspect refers to actions that happen habitually, such as I learn (something new every day), as opposed to actions that happen once (I learned something).
Jobhovian uses a standalone particle word for habitual:

Habitual

Particle before the verb: gakmyv - gakmyv khahzyceh /ˈgɑkmiv khɑhˈzɪkɛh/ learns

Perfect aspect

The perfect aspect in English is exemplified in ‘I have read this book’, which expresses an event that took place before the time spoken but which has an effect on or is in some way still relevant to the present.
Jobhovian uses an affix for the perfect aspect:

Perfect

If ends with vowel: Suffix -rh Else: Suffix -e khahzycehe /ˌkhɑhzɪˈkɛhɛ/ have learned

Numbers

Jobhovian has a base-10 number system:
1 - fylev
2 - dhycur
3 - fyk
4 - ashyz
5 - nerber
6 - yd
7 - cyryv
8 - domzoep
9 - myby
10 - rhujebhe
100 - ojmydma
1000 - zudyd

Derivational morphology

Adjective → adverb = If ends with vowel: Suffix -p
Else: Suffix -i
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Prefix ne-
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Suffix -akh
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Prefix rhy-
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -f
Else: Suffix -a
Noun to verb = Suffix -erh
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -z
Else: Suffix -y
Tending to = Suffix -em
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Prefix la-
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Suffix -ed
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Prefix ze-
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Prefix rho-
Diminutive = If ends with vowel: Suffix -d
Else: Suffix -o
Augmentative = Suffix -af

Dictionary

3128 Words.