Aklo

Natively known as: asknunyn /ɑskˈnʌnin/

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
thegvyn as ik ertran vann laces thegvyn moshinn vanall ik ravas yzertra rumenn
Pronunciation: /ˈθɛgvin ɑs ɪk ˈɛɹtɹɑn vɑn ˈlɑkɛs ˈθɛgvin ˈmoʃɪn ˈvɑnɑl ɪk ˈɹɑvɑs iˈzɛɹtɹɑ ˈɹʌmɛn/
Asknunyn word order: and he his hat holding stood and the wind to his wet face turned

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: c d g h k l m n r s t v w z

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	m		n
Stop			t d	c	k g
Fricative		v	s z			h
Trill			r
Lateral approximant			l

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-velar
Approximant	w

Vowel inventory: a e i o u y

	Front	Back
High	i y	u
High-mid	e	o
Low	a

Syllable structure: Custom defined ?
Stress pattern: Penultimate — stress is on the second last syllable ?
Sound changes (in order of application):

• a → ɑ
• b → b
• ch → ʧ
• c → k
• d → d
• e → ɛ
• f → f
• gg → g
• g → g
• h → h
• i → ɪ
• j → ʤ
• kk → k
• k → k
• ll → l
• l → l
• m → m
• ng → ŋ
• nn → n
• n → n
• o → o
• p → p
• q → k
• r → ɹ
• sh → ʃ
• ss → s
• s → s
• th → θ
• t → t
• u → ʌ
• v → v
• w → w
• x → ks
• y → i
• z → z

Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
ɑ	a
b	b
ʧ	ch
d	d
ɛ	e
f	f
g	g
h	h
i	i
ɪ	i
ʤ	j
k	k
l	l
m	m
ŋ	ng
n	n
o	o
p	p
ɹ	r
ʃ	sh
s	s
θ	th
t	t
ʌ	u
v	v
w	w
x	ks
z	z

---

Grammar

Main word order: Subject (Prepositional phrase) Object Verb. “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary with a key the door opened.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: postpositions ?

Nouns

Nouns have seven cases:

• Nominative is the doer of a verb: dog bites man.
• Accusative is the done-to of a verb: man bites dog.
• Genitive is the possessor of something: dog’s tail hits man.
• Dative is the recipient of something: man gives ball to dog.
• Locative is the location of something: man is in town.
• Ablative is movement away from something: man walks from town.
• Instrumental is the use of something: man writes with (using) pen.

Nominative	No affix crusach /ˈkɹʌsɑʧ/ dog (doing the verb)
Accusative	Prefix no- nocrusach /noˈkɹʌsɑʧ/ (verb done to) dog
Genitive	Prefix hi- hicrusach /hɪˈkɹʌsɑʧ/ dogʼs
Dative	If ends with vowel: Suffix -tr Else: Suffix -i crusachi /kɹʌˈsɑʧɪ/ to dog
Locative	Suffix -yv crusachyv /kɹʌˈsɑʧiv/ near/at/by dog
Ablative	If ends with vowel: Suffix -r Else: Suffix -i crusachi /kɹʌˈsɑʧɪ/ from dog
Instrumental	If ends with vowel: Suffix -s Else: Suffix -y crusachy /kɹʌˈsɑʧi/ with/using dog

Singular	No affix crusach /ˈkɹʌsɑʧ/ dog
Plural	Suffix -en crusachen /kɹʌˈsɑʧɛn/ dogs

Articles

Definite	utr /ʌtɹ/ the
Indefinite	ith /ɪθ/ a, some

Uses of definite article that differ from English:

• Used for languages: ‘The English’

Pronouns

	1st singular	2nd singular	3rd singular	1st plural	2nd plural	3rd plural
Nominative	e /ɛ/ I	lo /lo/ you	as /ɑs/ he, she, it	los /los/ we	skyn /skin/ you all	va /vɑ/ they
Accusative	i /ɪ/ me	o /o/ you	ycr /ikɹ/ his, her, it	u /ʌ/ us	ma /mɑ/ you all	troch /tɹoʧ/ them
Genitive	ski /skɪ/ mine	vu /vʌ/ yours	crall /kɹɑl/ his, hers, its	a /ɑ/ ours	skach /skɑʧ/ yours (pl)	iz /ɪz/ theirs
Dative	hess /hɛs/ to me	rinn /ɹɪn/ to you	y /i/ to his, to her, to it	uv /ʌv/ to us	es /ɛs/ to you all	coll /kol/ to them
Locative	un /ʌn/ to me	um /ʌm/ to you	ez /ɛz/ to his, to her, to it	om /om/ to us	ska /skɑ/ to you all	em /ɛm/ to them
Ablative	se /sɛ/ from me	mul /mʌl/ from you	ec /ɛk/ from his, from her, from it	acr /ɑkɹ/ from us	zych /ziʧ/ from you all	ym /im/ from them
Instrumental	truch /tɹʌʧ/ with/using me	us /ʌs/ with/using you	coss /kos/ with/using his, with/using her, with/using it	sys /sis/ with/using us	ath /ɑθ/ with/using you all	uh /ʌh/ with/using them

Possessive determiners

	Possessive
1st singular	ven /vɛn/ my
2nd singular	e /ɛ/ your
3rd singular	ic /ɪk/ his, her, its
1st plural	u /ʌ/ our
2nd plural	ucr /ʌkɹ/ your (pl)
3rd plural	i /ɪ/ their

Verbs

1st person	Suffix -atr treatrhollatr /ˌtɹɛɑˈtɹholɑtɹ/ (I/we) learn
2nd person	If ends with vowel: Suffix -th Else: Suffix -a treatrholla /ˌtɹɛɑˈtɹholɑ/ (you/you all) learn
3rd person	Suffix -az treatrhollaz /ˌtɹɛɑˈtɹholɑz/ (he/she/it/they) learn(s)

Asknunyn uses a standalone particle word for past tense:

Past	Particle before the verb: nallsko - nallsko treatrholl /ˈnɑlsko tɹɛˈɑtɹhol/ learned

Asknunyn uses a standalone particle word for future tense:

Future

Particle before the verb: trynnol - trynnol treatrholl /ˈtɹinol tɹɛˈɑtɹhol/ will learn

Perfect aspect

The perfect aspect in English is exemplified in ‘I have read this book’, which expresses an event that took place before the time spoken but which has an effect on or is in some way still relevant to the present.
Asknunyn uses an affix for the perfect aspect:

Perfect

Prefix me- metreatrholl /ˌmɛtɹɛˈɑtɹhol/ have learned

Numbers

Asknunyn has a base-10 number system:
1 - azhy
2 - anrann
3 - antrel
4 - crech
5 - vuch
6 - vezalys
7 - thithrin
8 - trenim
9 - amontrall
10 - skithisoth
100 - zonunn
1000 - ciskos

Derivational morphology

Adjective → adverb = Suffix -um
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Prefix try-
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Suffix -yz
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Suffix -ith
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -r
Else: Suffix -i
Noun to verb = Prefix cri-
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -l
Else: Suffix -e
Tending to = Suffix -ic
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Prefix su-
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Suffix -os
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Prefix cro-
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Prefix cu-
Diminutive = If ends with vowel: Suffix -s
Else: Suffix -u
Augmentative = Prefix sy-

Dictionary

3138 Words.