Woelfdaathi

Natively known as: woelfdaath /ˈwulfdœth/

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
scheufdounui mast en terheig mast schrocichr scheufdounui grefheihl mast eb otweehmult eevrungrither knevlircht
Pronunciation: /ˈschøːfdɑu̯nœy̯ mɑst ən ˈtɛrɦɛi̯x mɑst ˈsxrɔcɪchr ˈschøːfdɑu̯nœy̯ ˈgrəfɦɛi̯hl mɑst əb ˈɔtʋeːhmylt ˈeːvryˌŋrither ˈknɛvlirxt/
Woelfdaathi word order: and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: b c d f g h j k l m n p r s t v w x z ŋ ɣ ɦ ʋ

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	m		n		ŋ
Stop	p b		t d	c	k g
Fricative		f v	s z		x ɣ	h ɦ
Approximant		ʋ		j
Trill			r
Lateral approximant			l

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-velar
Approximant	w

Vowel inventory: a aː e eː i oː u y øː œy̯ ɑ ɑu̯ ɔ ə ɛ ɛi̯ ɪ ʏ
Diphthongs: œy̯ ɑu̯ ɛi̯ ?

	Front	Central	Back
High	i y		u
Near-high	ɪ ʏ
High-mid	e eː øː		oː
Mid		ə
Low-mid	ɛ		ɔ
Low	a aː		ɑ

Syllable structure: Custom defined ?
Stress pattern: Initial — stress is on the first syllable ?
Sound changes (in order of application):

• kh → k
• aa → œ

Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
sx	sch
x	g / _#
x	ch
ʋ	w
p	b / _#
t	d / _#
d	t / C_#
ɣ	g
ɦ	h
ŋk	ng
ŋ	ng
yu	uw
u	oe / !_w
ɑoe̯	ou
eː	ee
aː	a
ɑ	a
oː	o
ɛi̯	ij / _#
ɛi̯	ei
ɛ	e
ɔ	o
i	ie / C_#
œy̯	ui
œ	aa
ɪ	i
ʏ	u
y	u
øː	eu
ə	e
̯

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Grammar

Main word order: Subject Verb Object (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary opened the door with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: prepositions ?

Nouns

Singular	If ends with vowel: Suffix -sl Else: Suffix -y plorgoucheisl /ˈploːrɣɑu̯xɛi̯sl/ dog
Plural	No affix plorgouchij /ˈploːrɣɑu̯xɛi̯/ dogs

Articles

	Definite	Indefinite
Singular	scheibrotou /ˈschɛi̯brɔtɑu̯/ the	odraataaft /ˈoːdrœtœft/ a
Plural	uvrungaandt /ˈʏvrʏnɣœndt/ the	smeenkischr /ˈsmeːnkɪschr/ some

Uses of definite article that differ from English:

• Used for personal names in third person: ‘The Maria has left for school’
• Used for languages: ‘The English’
• Used with place names: ‘The London’

Pronouns

1st singular	hewn /hɛwn/ I, me, mine
2nd singular	e /ɛ/ you, yours
3rd singular masc	mast /mɑst/ he, him, his, it (masc), its (masc)
3rd singular fem	kwav /kʋaːv/ she, her, hers, it (fem), its (fem)
1st plural	kna /knaː/ we, us, ours
2nd plural	ui /œy̯/ you all, yours (pl)
3rd plural	kwikt /kʋikt/ they, them, theirs

Possessive determiners

	Possessive
1st singular	hewn /hɛwn/ my
2nd singular	e /ɛ/ your
3rd singular masc	mast /mɑst/ his
3rd singular fem	kwav /kʋaːv/ her
1st plural	kna /knaː/ our
2nd plural	ui /œy̯/ your (pl)
3rd plural	kwikt /kʋikt/ their

Verbs

Woelfdaathi uses a standalone particle word for past tense:

Past	Particle before the verb: breː - bree eischr /breː ɛi̯sxr/ learned

Woelfdaathi uses a standalone particle word for future tense:

Future

Particle before the verb: vischreːth - vischreeth eischr /ˈvischreːth ɛi̯sxr/ will learn

Progressive aspect

The ‘progressive’ aspect refers to actions that are happening at the time of speaking, such as I am learning.
Woelfdaathi uses a standalone particle word for progressive:

Progressive

Particle before the verb: ɦʏtkəstɑu̯ - hutkestou eischr /ˈɦʏtkəstɑu̯ ɛi̯sxr/ is learning

Habitual aspect

The ‘habitual’ aspect refers to actions that happen habitually, such as I learn (something new every day), as opposed to actions that happen once (I learned something).
Woelfdaathi uses a standalone particle word for habitual:

Habitual

Particle before the verb: prɑu̯ŋtri - proungtrie eischr /ˈprɑu̯ŋtri ɛi̯sxr/ learns

Perfect aspect

The perfect aspect in English is exemplified in ‘I have read this book’, which expresses an event that took place before the time spoken but which has an effect on or is in some way still relevant to the present.
Woelfdaathi uses an affix for the perfect aspect:

Perfect

Prefix spɑu̯- spoueischr /ˈspɑu̯ɛi̯sxr/ have learned

Numbers

Woelfdaathi has a base-20 number system:
1 - twecht
2 - paalsbuihla
3 - flutogr
4 - schawartie
5 - brillobse
6 - ipreirbrid
7 - owhouptoh
8 - kloudeih
9 - spreitgam
10 - twa
11 - twinnoul
12 - oukhaauiktulf
13 - twuntash
14 - loschreeng
15 - sehlschuph
16 - tronvile
17 - jetjubsou
18 - schunzewn
19 - ipleivrurm
20 - aakeur
400 - blaarkeph
8000 - lathob

Derivational morphology

Adjective → adverb = If ends with vowel: Suffix -vr
Else: Suffix -ɛi̯
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -z
Else: Suffix -u
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Suffix -usn
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Suffix -aːsch
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = Suffix -ɔfl
Noun to verb = Suffix -aast
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -khaa
Else: Suffix -i
Tending to = Prefix caa-
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Suffix -oːkl
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Suffix -aabr
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -spr
Else: Suffix -aː
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -w
Else: Suffix -i
Diminutive = Suffix -ɑsl
Augmentative = Suffix -ɛschr

Dictionary

3152 Words.