Orcish

Orcish is the primary language of the Orcs. Natively known as: ᛟᚱsᛁᛗᛖᚱᛁs orrsimerris /ˈoɹsɪˌmeɹɪs/, it use the Dethek script (from the dwarves).

The main form of the Orcish language used by all orc tribes on Toriel was known as common Orcish. Separate clans had variations of dialect that differed so much that orcs could not understand each other unless they spoke the common tongue. Written using runes, Orcish is regarded by non-speakers as an ugly, guttural language.

Orcish is a coarser language than Common, and many words lack the subtlety of Common. Orcs rely on context, repetition, and volume to add emphasis or meaning.

Writting system

Spelling

Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
æ	ᚪ
aɪ	ᛇ
a	ᚨ
ɑ	ᚫ
eɪ	ᛦ
ə	ᛆ
e	ᛖ
ɜ	ᛡ
i	ᛠ
ɪ	ᛁ
ɔ	ᚯ
ɶ	ᚢ
ɒ	ᚭ
oʊ	ᚮ
o	ᛟ
u	ᚢ
ʌ	ᚣ
œ	ᚪ
ʊ	ᚮ
b	ᛒ
β	ᛔ
d	ᛞ
f	ᚠ
ɸ	ᛕ
g	ᚷ
ɢ	ᚵ
ʜ	ᚺ
ʤ	ᛃ
k	ᚲ
l	ᛚ
ʟ	ᚻ
m	ᛗ
ɱ	ᛙ
n	ᚾ
ɳ	ᚿ
ŋ	ᛝ
ʡ	ᛈ
ɹ	ᚱ
r	ᛨ
ʁ	ᛋ
ʧ	ᚴ
ʃ	ᛊ
t	ᛏ
v	ᚡ
ʋ	ᚥ
w	ᚹ
ʝ	ᚤ
x	ᛎ
ʐ	ᛉ
ʒ	ᛄ
θ	ᚦ
ð	ᛐ

Phonetics

Consonant

b d f g k l m n r t v w x ð ŋ ɢ ɱ ɳ ɸ ɹ ʁ ʃ ʋ ʐ ʒ ʜ ʝ ʟ ʡ ʤ ʧ β θ

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Dental	Alveolar	Palato-alveolar	Retroflex	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Pharyngeal
Nasal	m	ɱ		n		ɳ		ŋ
Stop	b			t d				k g	ɢ	ʡ
Affricate					ʧ ʤ
Fricative	ɸ β	f v	θ ð		ʃ ʒ	ʐ	ʝ	x	ʁ
Approximant		ʋ		ɹ
Trill				r						ʜ
Lateral approximant				l				ʟ

Vowel

a aɪ̯ e eɪ̯ i o oʊ̯ u æ œ ɑ ɒ ɔ ə ɜ ɪ ɶ ʊ ʌ

	Front	Central	Back
High	i		u
Near-high	ɪ		ʊ
High-mid	e		o
Mid		ə
Low-mid	œ	ɜ	ʌ ɔ
Near-low	æ
Low	a ɶ		ɑ ɒ

Grammar

Main word order: Subject Verb Object (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary opened the door with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned after the noun.
Adposition: postpositions ?

Plural suffix

Singular	No affix
Plural	If ends with ʜ: Suffix -aɪ If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʜaɪ Else: Suffix -'

Verbs

Tenses

Past	If ends with {u,ʌ,œ,ʊ}: Prefix ʃark- Else: Particle before the verb: ʃarku - ᛊᚨᛨᚲᚢ ᚾᚢᛨᛚ sharkû nûrl /ʃarˈku nurl/ learned
Present	No affix ᚾᚢᛨᛚ nûrl /nurl/ learn
Future	If ends with r: Prefix dʌ- Else: Particle before the verb: dʌr - ᛞᚣᛨ ᚾᚢᛨᛚ dur nûrl /dʌr nurl/ will learn

Persons

1st person	No affix ᚾᚢᛨᛚ nûrl /nurl/ (I/we) learn
3rd person	If starts with {t,θ,ð}: Suffix -a Else: Suffix -at ᚾᚢᛨᛚᚨᛏ nûrlat /nuˈrlat/ (he/she/it/they) learn(s)

Volces

Passive

Suffix -ɑk ᚾᚢᛨᛚᚫᚲ nûrlâk /ˈnurlɑk/ learn

Genders

Masculine	ᛗᛟᛒ mob /mob/
Feminine	ᛚᛟᛒ lob /lob/

Derivational morphology

Opposite = If starts with g: Prefix ma-
If ends with vowel: Prefix mag-
Else: Prefix mag'-
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = If starts with ʜ: Prefix baɪg-
If ends with vowel: Prefix baɪɢ-
Else: Prefix baɪɢ'-
Noun → verb (to create [noun]) = If starts with m: Prefix tʌ-
If ends with vowel: Prefix tʌm-
Else: Prefix tʌm'-
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = If starts with m: Prefix tʌ-
If ends with vowel: Prefix tʌm-
Else: Prefix tʌm'-
Diminutive = If ends with a: Suffix -ʤ
If ends with consonant: Suffix -aʤ
Else: Suffix -'aʤ
Augmentative = If ends with a: Suffix -d
If ends with consonant: Suffix -ad
Else: Suffix -'ad
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = If ends with a: Suffix -l
If ends with consonant: Suffix -al
Else:
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = If ends with a: Suffix -l
If ends with consonant: Suffix -al
Else:
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = If ends with {u,ʌ,œ,ʊ}: Suffix -n
If ends with consonant: Suffix -un
Else: Suffix -'un
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If starts with x: Prefix ur-
If ends with vowel: Prefix urx-
Else: Prefix urx'-
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = If starts with x: Prefix ur-
If ends with vowel: Prefix urx-
Else: Prefix urx'-
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = If starts with {r,ɹ}: Prefix tu-
If ends with vowel: Prefix tur-
Else: Prefix tur'-

Sentence Construction

Possibility

To mark the possibility we use the word gak before the verb.

Example:
• he could die: gak ogar.

Numbers

Orcish has a base-10 number system:

1 - ᚣᚺᛎ uhz
2 - ᚣᚺᚷ uhg
3 - ᚨᚺᛏ aht
4 - jhᛖᛏ jhet
5 - ᚲᛨᚨᚲ krak
6 - ᚲᚣᛞ kud
7 - ᚣᛞᚣ udu
8 - ᛋᚲᛨᛁ skri
9 - ᚲᛨᛁᚦ krith
10 - ᛎᚣᚾᚾ zunn
100 - ᛒᚢᛨ bûr
1000 - ᛏᛟᛨ tor

Dictionary

413 Words.