Thelirein

Thelirein^listen is the primary language spoken in the Bláthaofa Kingdom. Originating on the world of Thelire, the language is the most widely spoken elf language in the Sora.

Natively known as: Glart /gɫaɾʲtʲ/^listen

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
dria thei grid ánt thei sénn dria clilód thei thúmpá baoth tré theith^listen
Pronunciation: /dʲɾʲiə hɛ gɾˠɪdʲ ɑːnʲtʲ hɛ ʃeːn̪ˠ dʲɾʲiə ˈkɫɪlʲoːd̪ˠ hɛ huːmˠˈpˠɑː bˠəuθ t̪ˠɾˠeː θɛh/
Glarti word order: and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: /bʲ bˠ c dʲ d̪ˠ fʲ fˠ g h k lʲ mʲ mˠ nʲ n̪ˠ pʲ pˠ sˠ tʲ t̪ˠ vʲ vˠ x ç ŋ ɟ ɫ ɲ ɾʲ ɾˠ ʃ θ/

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Dental	Alveolar
Nasal	mˠ mʲ			n̪ˠ nʲ
Stop	pˠ pʲ bˠ bʲ			t̪ˠ tʲ d̪ˠ dʲ
Fricative		fˠ fʲ vʲ vˠ	θ	sˠ
Tap				ɾˠ ɾʲ
Lateral approximant				lʲ
	Palato-alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal		ɲ	ŋ
Stop		c ɟ	k g
Fricative	ʃ	ç	x	h

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Velarized alveolar
Lateral approximant	ɫ

Vowel inventory: /a eː ia iə iː oː uə uː ɑː ɔ əi əu ɛ ɪ ʊ/
Diphthongs: ia, iə, uə, əi, əu

	Front	Back
High	iː	uː
Near-high	ɪ	ʊ
High-mid	eː	oː
Low-mid	ɛ	ɔ
Low	a	ɑː

Syllable structure: Custom defined
Stress pattern: No fixed stress
Word initial consonants: bʲ, bʲɾʲ, bˠ, bˠɾˠ, c, cɾʲ, dʲ, dʲɾʲ, d̪ˠ, fʲ, fʲɾʲ, fˠ, g, gɫ, gɾˠ, h, k, kɫ, kɾˠ, lʲ, mʲ, mˠ, n̪ˠ, pʲ, pˠ, sˠ, sˠk, sˠt̪ˠ, sˠɾˠ, tʲ, tʲɾʲ, t̪ˠ, t̪ˠɾˠ, vʲ, x, xɫ, ç, ɟ, ɫ, ɾˠ, ʃ, ʃc, ʃcɾʲ, θ
Mid-word consonants: bˠ, c, dʲ, d̪ˠ, fʲ, fˠ, g, gɫ, h, hɾˠ, k, lʲ, mʲ, mˠ, mˠpˠ, nʲ, nʲʃ, n̪ˠ, n̪ˠt̪ˠ, pˠ, sˠ, sˠk, sˠt̪ˠ, tʲ, t̪ˠ, vʲ, vˠ, x, xt̪ˠ, ŋ, ɟ, ɫ, ɫt̪ˠ, ɲ, ɾʲ, ɾˠ, ɾˠsˠ, ɾˠɫ, ʃ, ʃtʲ, θ
Word final consonants: dʲ, d̪ˠ, g, h, k, lʲ, mʲ, mˠ, nʲ, nʲtʲ, n̪ˠ, sˠ, sˠt̪ˠ, tʲ, vʲ, vˠ, x, xt̪ˠ, ŋg, ɟ, ɫ, ɲ, ɾʲ, ɾʲtʲ, ɾˠ, ɾˠd̪ˠ, ɾˠtʲ, ɾˠt̪ˠ, ʃ, ʃtʲ, θ

Phonological changes (in order of application):

• S → Ø / #_F
• θ → s / _k
• k → ʧ / _E

Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
^n̪ˠ	n
bʲ	b
bˠ	b
ca	cea
coː	ceo
cu	ciu
dʲ	d
d̪ˠ	d
eː	é
eːɾˠ	éar
fʲ	f
fˠ	f
fˠi	faoi
fˠuː	fiú
fˠɪ	fui
h	th
iə	ia
iː	í
k	c
kɪ	coi | cai | cui
lʲ	l
mʲ	m
mˠ	m
nʲ	n
n̪ˠ	nn
oː	ó
pʲ	p
pˠ	p
sˠ	s
sˠeː	sao
sˠi	suí
sˠɪ	sai
tʲ	t
tʲLOOKAHEADa|ɑː)	te
tʲu	tiu
t̪ˠ	t
t̪ˠoː	teo
t̪ˠɛ	te
uə	ua
uː	ú
vʲ	bh
vˠ	bh | mh
x	ch
ç	ch
ŋ	ng
ŋg	ng
ɑː	á
ɔ	o
əi	a
əu	ao
ɛ	ei
ɟ	g
ɪ	i
ɫ	l
ɲ	nn
ɾʲ	r
ɾˠ	r
ʃ	s
ʃa	sea
ʃo	seo
ʃu	siu
ʃɔ	seo | sio
ʊ	u
θ	th

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Grammar

Main word order: Subject-Verb-Object-Oblique. "Mary opened the door with a key" turns into Mary opened the door with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: prepositions

Nouns

	Singular	Plural
Definite	No affix críl /kɾˠiːlʲ/ the dog	Suffix -iː crílí /ˈkɾˠiːlʲiː/ the dogs
Indefinite	If ends with vowel: Suffix -mʲ Else: Suffix -əumʲ crílaom /kɾˠiːˈlʲəumʲ/ a dog	Suffix -ɪ críli /ˈkɾˠiːlʲɪ/ some dogs

Articles

Glarti encodes definite article ‘the’, and indefinite article ‘a’ in noun affixes. See Noun section.

Pronouns

1st singular	gis /gɪʃ/ I, me, mine
2nd singular	grist /gɾˠɪʃtʲ/ you, yours
3rd singular	thei /hɛ/ he, she, him, her, his, hers, it, its
1st plural inclusive	ca /ka/ we, us, ours (including you)
1st plural exclusive	thó /hoː/ we, us, ours (excluding you)
2nd plural	srei /sˠɾˠɛ/ you (all), yours
3rd plural	ba /bʲa/ they, them, theirs

Possessive determiners

1st singular	gis /gɪʃ/ my
2nd singular	grist /gɾˠɪʃtʲ/ your
3rd singular	thei /hɛ/ his, her, its
1st plural inclusive	ca /ka/ our (including you)
1st plural exclusive	ca /ka/ our (excluding you)
2nd plural	grist /gɾˠɪʃtʲ/ your
3rd plural	ba /bʲa/ their

Verbs

Present	Suffix -uːɾˠtʲ charúrt /çaˈɾˠuːɾˠtʲ/ study
Past	No affix char /çaɾˠ/ studied
Future	If ends with vowel: Suffix -fˠɪ Else: Suffix -iəfˠɪ chariafui /çaˈɾˠiəfˠɪ/ will study

Imperfective aspect

The ‘imperfective’ aspect refers to ongoing actions, such as I am studying and habitual actions, such as I study (every night). Glarti uses a standalone particle word for imperfective:

Imperfective

ó /oː/ imperfect particle

Perfect aspect

The perfect aspect in English is exemplified in ‘I have read this book’, which expresses an event that took place before the time spoken but which has an effect on or is in some way still relevant to the present. Glarti uses the word for ‘finish’ tadi for the perfect aspect.

Numbers

Glarti has a base-10 number system:
1 - triann
2 - dao
3 - tram
4 - lé
5 - chirt
6 - bhog
7 - seo
8 - díth
9 - í
10 - chad
11 - triann dria chad “one and ten”
100 - trann “hundred”
101 - trann dria triann “hundred and one”
200 - dao trann
1000 - cil “thousand”

Derivational morphology

Adjective → adverb = Suffix -əu
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -x
Else: Suffix -ʊx
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Suffix -ɪ
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ɾˠɫiə
Else: Suffix -ɑːɾˠɫiə
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -giː
Else: Suffix -ʊgiː
Noun → verb (to create [noun]) = Suffix -ɔ
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ɾˠɑː
Else: Suffix -eːɾˠɑː
Verb → adjective (likely to do [verb]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʃtʲ
Else: Suffix -əiʃtʲ
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -fʲɪ
Else: Suffix -uəfʲɪ
Verb → noun that verb physically produces (e.g. build → building) = Suffix -eːsˠ
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -mʲuː
Else: Suffix -əumʲuː
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -sˠ
Else: Suffix -asˠ
Diminutive = Suffix -ɑːsˠ
Augmentative = Suffix -iaɾˠd̪ˠ

Dictionary

4327 Words.