Armti (ärmt /ɛːrmt/)

ärmt /ɛːrmt/
Armti, or the old tongue as it is known to its speakers on Jotun, is the most common language used by the Warborn both on Jotun and Ys. To untrained ears it sounds like harsh gibberish, though further listening reveals to careful listeners a rough beauty in the shape of the words, a strength reflected in the nature of the peoples who created it.

Phonology

Natively known as: ärmt /ɛːrmt/

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
vi ti synd vö båt aggu vi kyp båt kud böst lu fjät
Pronunciation: /vɪ tiː syːnd vøː boːt agˈgʉː vɪ kyːp boːt ɕʉːd bœst lʉː fjɛt/
Ärmti word order: and stood he holding hat his and turned his face wet to the wind

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: b d f g h j k l m n p r s t v ŋ ɕ ɖ ɧ ʂ

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Alveolar	Retroflex	Alveolo-palatal	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	m		n				ŋ
Stop	p b		t d	ɖ			k g
Fricative		f v	s	ʂ	ɕ			h
Approximant						j
Trill			r
Lateral approximant			l

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Sj-sound
Fricative	ɧ

Vowel inventory: a eː iː oː uː yː øː œ ɑː ɔ ɛ ɛː ɪ ɵ ʉː ʊ ʏ

	Front	Central	Back
High	iː yː	ʉː	uː
Near-high	ɪ ʏ		ʊ
High-mid	eː øː	ɵ	oː
Low-mid	ɛ ɛː œ		ɔ
Low	a		ɑː

Syllable structure: Custom defined
Stress pattern: Second — stress is on the second syllable
Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
ɛː	ä
ɛ	ä
øː	ö
œ	ö
oː	å
ɔ	o
yː	y
ʏ	y
ʉː	u
ɵ	u
ʊ	o
uː	o
iː	i
ɪ	i
eː	e
ɑː	a
ŋn	gn
ŋ	ng
j	g / _#
ɧ	sj
kk	ck
ɕ	k
C₁C₁	C₁ / _j

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Grammar

Main word order: Verb Subject Object (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Opened Mary the door with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned after the noun.
Adposition: prepositions

Nouns

Nouns have four cases:

• Nominative is the doer of a verb: dog bites man.
• Accusative is the done-to of a verb: man bites dog.
• Genitive is the possessor of something: dog’s tail hits man.
• Dative is the recipient of something: man gives ball to dog.

Nominative	No affix jäckästi /jɛkˈkɛːstɪ/ dog (doing the verb)
Accusative	If starts with vowel: Prefix g- Else: Prefix goː- gåjäckästi /goːˈjɛkkɛːsˌtɪ/ (verb done to) dog
Genitive	Prefix ɕʉː- kujäckästi /ɕʉːˈjɛkkɛːsˌtɪ/ dogʼs
Dative	Prefix uː- ojäckästi /uːˈjɛkkɛːsˌtɪ/ to (the/a) dog

	Singular	Plural
Definite	No affix jäckästi /jɛkˈkɛːstɪ/ the dog	Prefix øː- öjäckästi /øːˈjɛkkɛːsˌtɪ/ the dogs
Indefinite	If starts with vowel: Prefix fj- Else: Prefix fjøː- fjöjäckästi /fjøːˈjɛkkɛːsˌtɪ/ a dog	Prefix pluː- plojäckästi /pluːˈjɛkkɛːsˌtɪ/ some dogs

Articles

Ärmti encodes definite article ‘the’, and indefinite article ‘a’ in noun affixes. See Noun section.

Pronouns

	Nominative	Accusative	Genitive	Dative
1st singular	gre /greː/ I	bjäjf /bjɛːjf/ me	and /ɑːnd/ mine	le /leː/ to me
2nd singular	blu /blɵ/ you	ja /ja/ you	sjo /ɧɔ/ yours	äng /ɛːŋ/ to you
3rd singular masc	synd /syːnd/ he, it	ko /kɔ/ him, it	ak /ɑːk/ his, its	hur /hʉːr/ to him, at it
3rd singular fem	kri /krɪ/ she, it	mi /mɪ/ her, it	sy /sʏ/ hers, its	skegs /skeːgs/ to her, at it
1st plural	to /tuː/ we	vu /vʉː/ us	plo /pluː/ ours	stå /stoː/ to us
2nd plural	kro /krʊ/ you all	vof /vuːf/ you all	fjä /fjɛː/ yours (pl)	fund /fɵnd/ to you all
3rd plural	å /oː/ they	ö /œ/ them	lyb /lyːb/ theirs	vad /vad/ to them

Possessive determiners

1st singular	ma /ma/ my
2nd singular	pli /pliː/ your
3rd singular masc	båt /boːt/ his
3rd singular fem	klilt /klɪlt/ her
1st plural	vä /vɛ/ our
2nd plural	te /teː/ your (pl)
3rd plural	urg /ʉːrj/ their

Verbs

Present	No affix trast /trast/ learn
Past	If starts with vowel: Prefix iːntl- Else: Prefix iːntlœ- intlötrast /iːnˈtlœtrast/ learned
Remote past	Prefix pla- platrast /plaˈtrast/ learned (long ago)
Future	Prefix ɪ- itrast /ɪˈtrast/ will learn

Perfect aspect

The perfect aspect in English is exemplified in ‘I have read this book’, which expresses an event that took place before the time spoken but which has an effect on or is in some way still relevant to the present.
Ärmti uses the word for ‘already’ py for the perfect aspect.

Numbers

Ärmti has a base-10 number system:
1 - bla
2 - gormt
3 - fåp
4 - minnåsvåks
5 - jam
6 - vu
7 - kru
8 - tar
9 - sjyng
10 - so
Hundred - fra
Thousand - slald

Derivational morphology

Adjective → adverb = Prefix tɵ-
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix dr-
Else: Prefix drɪ-
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Prefix ɛ-
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Prefix tvʉː-
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = Prefix œ-
Noun to verb = Prefix fɛ-
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Prefix rɑː-
Tending to = Prefix ɕɛ-
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Prefix iː-
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = If starts with vowel: Prefix v-
Else: Prefix vʊ-
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = If starts with vowel: Prefix v-
Else: Prefix viː-
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Prefix øː-
Diminutive = Prefix glʉː-
Augmentative = Prefix dʉː-

Dictionary

3080 Words.

Spoken by

• Utlaegr