Soroleph

LANGUAGE FAMILY: TYRILAN
# SPEAKERS / WORLD RANKING: 1.8M / #26
SPOKEN IN: Ansal - 1.8M
PERIOD OF USE:
SCRIPT USED:
PARENT LANGUAGE:

---

"...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind..."
Translation: ma yip dʁo ip i pux ma kowuh i pong'ill muka mah shapum
Pronunciation: ma jip dʁɔ ip i pux ma ˈkɔwuh i ˈpɔŋill ˈmuka mah ˈʃapum

Soroleph word order: and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: /b d f g h j k kʰ l m n p pʰ r s t tʰ v w x z ŋ ɣ ɥ ʁ ʂ ʂʰ ʃ ʈ ʐ ʔ ʦ ʦʰ ʧ ʨ ʨʰ/

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Alveolar	Palato-alveolar	Retroflex	Alveolo-palatal	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Glottal
Nasal	m		n					ŋ
Stop	p pʰ b		t tʰ d		ʈ			k kʰ g		ʔ
Affricate			ʦ ʦʰ	ʧ		ʨʰ ʨ
Fricative		f v	s z	ʃ	ʂ ʂʰ ʐ			x ɣ	ʁ	h
Approximant							j
Trill			r
Lateral approximant			l

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-palatal	Labial-velar
Approximant	ɥ	w

Vowel inventory: /a i u ɔ ɛ/

	Front	Back
High	i	u
Low-mid	ɛ	ɔ
Low	a

Syllable structure: Custom defined
Stress pattern: Penultimate — stress is on the second last syllable
Word initial consonants: b, bl, bʁ, d, dʁ, f, fl, fʁ, g, gl, gʁ, h, j, k, kl, kn, kv, kʁ, l, m, n, p, pf, pl, pʁ, s, t, tʁ, v, z, ʁ, ʃ, ʃl, ʃm, ʃn, ʃp, ʃpʁ, ʃt, ʃtʁ, ʃv, ʃʁ, ʔ, ʦ, ʦv
Mid-word consonants: f, j, k, kw, kʰ, l, lj, lw, m, mj, n, nf, nj, nk, nkʰ, nl, nlj, nm, nn, nnj, np, npj, npʰ, ns, nt, ntw, ntʰ, nw, nx, nxj, nxw, nɥ, nʂ, nʈʂ, nʈʂʰ, nʐ, nʦ, nʦʰ, nʨ, nʨj, nʨʰ, nʨʰj, nʨʰw, p, pj, pʰ, s, t, tj, tw, tʰ, w, x, xj, xw, ŋ, ŋf, ŋj, ŋk, ŋkw, ŋkʰw, ŋl, ŋm, ŋmj, ŋn, ŋp, ŋs, ŋt, ŋtj, ŋtʰ, ŋw, ŋx, ŋxj, ŋxw, ŋɥ, ŋʂ, ŋʈʂ, ŋʈʂʰ, ŋʐ, ŋʦ, ŋʦw, ŋʦʰ, ŋʨ, ŋʨj, ŋʨʰ, ŋʨʰj, ɥ, ʂ, ʈʂ, ʈʂʰ, ʐ, ʐtʰ, ʐʦ, ʐʨʰj, ʦ, ʦw, ʦʰ, ʦʰw, ʨ, ʨj, ʨʰ, ʨʰj
Word final consonants: h, l, ll, m, n, nt, p, r, rʧ, sj, ss, t, ttj, w, x, ɣ
Phonological changes (in order of application):

• h → ∅ / _{V,w,j}
• t → k / _r
• n → t / #_
• n → ∅ / _s
• l → s / _k
• k → ʂ / _i

Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
ɛ	e
ɔ	o
ɲ	ny
ɓ	b
j	y
ʄ	j
ɗ	d
ɠ	g
ð	dh
θ	th
ŋg	ng
ŋ	ng'
ʃ	sh
ɣ	gg
x	x
ʧ	ch
nʤ	nz

Grammar

Main word order: Subject Verb Object (Prepositional phrase).
"Mary opened the door with a key" turns into Mary opened the door with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: prepositions

Nouns

Singular

	Masculine	Feminine
Definite	If ends with vowel: Suffix -w Else: Suffix -aw ʔanʈʂuw /ˈʔanʈʂuw/ the man	If ends with vowel: Suffix -n Else: Suffix -in tutin /ˈtutin/ the woman
Indefinite	Suffix -a ʔanʈʂua /ʔanʈˈʂua/ a man	Suffix -ɛ tute /ˈtutɛ/ a woman

Plural

	Masculine	Feminine
Definite	Suffix -i ʔanʈʂui /ʔanʈˈʂui/ the men	Suffix -im tutim /ˈtutim/ the women
Indefinite	If ends with vowel: Suffix -n Else: Suffix -ɛn ʔanʈʂun /ˈʔanʈʂun/ some men	Suffix -u tutu /ˈtutu/ some women

Articles

Soroleph encodes definite article ‘the’, and indefinite article ‘a’ in noun affixes. See Noun section.

Pronouns

1st singular	za /za/ I, me, mine
2nd singular	shal /ʃal/ you, yours
3rd singular masc	yip /jip/ he, him, his, it, its
3rd singular fem	pe /pɛ/ she, her, hers, it, its
1st plural inclusive	lom /lɔm/ we (including you), us (including you), ours (including you)
1st plural exclusive	yix /jix/ we (excluding you), us (excluding you), ours (excluding you)
2nd plural	miw /miw/ you all, yours (pl)
3rd plural masc	ma /ma/ they (masc), them (masc), theirs (masc)
3rd plural fem	ke /kɛ/ they (fem), them (fem), theirs (fem)

Possessive determiners

1st singular	pup /pup/ my
2nd singular	sa /sa/ your
3rd singular masc	i /i/ his
3rd singular fem	mi /mi/ her
1st plural inclusive	pu /pu/ our (including you)
1st plural exclusive	ka /ka/ our (excluding you)
2nd plural	knom /knɔm/ your (pl)
3rd plural masc	ma /ma/ their (masc)
3rd plural fem	a /a/ their (fem)

Verbs

Present

	Masculine	Feminine
1st person	Suffix -i imonii /ˌimɔˈnii/	If ends with vowel: Suffix -m Else: Suffix -um imonim /iˈmɔnim/
2nd person	Suffix -ix imoniix /ˌimɔˈniix/	Suffix -aw imoniaw /ˌimɔˈniaw/
3rd person	Suffix -am imoniam /ˌimɔˈniam/	Suffix -ɔx imoniox /ˌimɔˈniɔx/

Past

	Masculine	Feminine
1st person	Suffix -ɔ imonio /ˌimɔˈniɔ/	Suffix -iw imoniiw /ˌimɔˈniiw/
2nd person	If ends with vowel: Suffix -nt Else: Suffix -ant imonint /iˈmɔnint/	Suffix -ip imoniip /ˌimɔˈniip/
3rd person	If ends with vowel: Suffix -l Else: Suffix -ul imonil /iˈmɔnil/	If ends with vowel: Suffix -p Else: Suffix -ip imonip /iˈmɔnip/

Remote past

	Masculine	Feminine
1st person	Suffix -asj imoniasy /ˌimɔˈniasj/	If ends with vowel: Suffix -x Else: Suffix -ix imonix /iˈmɔnix/
2nd person	Suffix -at imoniat /ˌimɔˈniat/	Suffix -a imonia /ˌimɔˈnia/
3rd person	If ends with vowel: Suffix -ll Else: Suffix -ull imonill /iˈmɔnill/	If ends with vowel: Suffix -w Else: Suffix -ɛw imoniw /iˈmɔniw/

Soroleph uses a standalone particle word for future tense:

Future

Particle before the verb: i - i imoni /i iˈmɔni/ will learn

Perfect aspect
The perfect aspect in English is exemplified in ‘I have read this book’, which expresses an event that took place before the time spoken but which has an effect on or is in some way still relevant to the present.
Soroleph uses the word for ‘already’ kanle for the perfect aspect.

Numbers

Soroleph has a base-20 number system:
1 - ku
2 - pe
3 - maw
4 - mim
5 - yinla
6 - ken
7 - nin
8 - ko
9 - tuw
10 - tuss
11 - nikokap
12 - kamotur
13 - meloʂe
14 - mikeme
15 - ninnip
16 - putil
17 - kʁemonu
18 - akaw
19 - mimal
20 - tasull
21 - ku ma tasull “one and twenty”
400 - pup “fourhundred”
401 - pup ku “fourhundred one”
800 - pe pup “two fourhundred”
8000 - pex “eightthousand”

Derivational morphology

Adjective → adverb = Suffix -a
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Suffix -u
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -r Else: Suffix -ir
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -nt Else: Suffix -ant
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = Suffix -i
Noun to verb = If ends with vowel: Suffix -w Else: Suffix -uw
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Suffix -i
Tending to = If ends with vowel: Suffix -m Else: Suffix -am
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Suffix -a
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Suffix -ap
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Suffix -arʧ
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -x Else: Suffix -ax
Diminutive = If ends with vowel: Suffix -nt Else: Suffix -
Augmentative = Suffix -am

Dictionary

4436 Words.