Holy Tongue Pakmes: The Merciful Tongue

Natively known as: pakmes /ˈpakmes/

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
pa yan âk ṭʼo mes usmæm pa mâ mes lætkos nyî qæpe mo
Pronunciation: /pa jan ək ʈʼo mes ˈusmæm pa mə mes ˈlætkos ɲɨ ˈqæpe mo/
Pakmesian word order: and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face the wind to

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: h j k kʼ l m n p pʼ q qʼ s t tʼ w ɭ ɲ ɻ ɽ ʈ ʈʼ ʧ χ

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Alveolar	Palato-alveolar	Retroflex	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Glottal
Nasal	m	n			ɲ
Stop	p pʼ	t tʼ		ʈ ʈʼ		k kʼ	q qʼ
Affricate			ʧ
Fricative		s					χ	h
Approximant				ɻ	j
Tap				ɽ
Lateral approximant		l		ɭ

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-velar
Approximant	w

Vowel inventory: a e i o u æ ɔ ə ɨ

	Front	Central	Back
High	i	ɨ	u
High-mid	e		o
Mid		ə
Low-mid			ɔ
Near-low	æ
Low	a

Syllable structure: (C)V(C) ?
Stress pattern: Penultimate — stress is on the second last syllable ?
Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
ə	â
ɔ	aw
ɨ	î
j	y
ɽ	r
ɻ	r̂
ʧ	ch
ɭ	ḷ
ɲ	ny
ʈ	ṭ
χ	kh

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Grammar

Main word order: Subject Verb Object (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary opened the door with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: postpositions ?

Nouns

Nouns form plural with separate plural word:

Plural

Particle before the noun: ɲo - nyo nyar̂ /ɲo ɲaɻ/ dogs

Articles

	Definite	Indefinite
Singular	pʼik /pʼik/ the	o /o/ a
Plural	sa /sa/ the	rîn /ɽɨn/ some

Uses of definite article that differ from English:

• Used for personal names in third person: ‘The Maria has left for school’

Pronouns

1st singular	ît /ɨt/ I, me, mine
2nd singular	awm /ɔm/ you, yours
3rd singular masc	yan /jan/ he, him, his, it (masc), its (masc)
3rd singular fem	r̂e /ɻe/ she, her, hers, it (fem), its (fem)
1st plural	tʼi /tʼi/ we, us, ours
2nd plural	se /se/ you all, yours (pl)
3rd plural	am /am/ they, them, theirs

Possessive determiners

	Possessive
1st singular	li /li/ my
2nd singular	e /e/ your
3rd singular masc	mes /mes/ his
3rd singular fem	ṭʼe /ʈʼe/ her
1st plural	ti /ti/ our
2nd plural	cho /ʧo/ your (pl)
3rd plural	tâ /tə/ their

Verbs

Pakmesian uses a standalone particle word for past tense:

Past	Particle before the verb: pʼam - pʼam hanmon /pʼam ˈhanmon/ learned

Pakmesian uses a standalone particle word for future tense:

Future

Particle before the verb: hən - hân hanmon /hən ˈhanmon/ will learn

Perfect aspect

The perfect aspect in English is exemplified in ‘I have read this book’, which expresses an event that took place before the time spoken but which has an effect on or is in some way still relevant to the present.
Pakmesian uses an affix for the perfect aspect:

Perfect

If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʈ Else: Suffix -ɔʈ hanmonawṭ /hanˈmonɔʈ/ have learned

Numbers

Pakmesian has a base-10 number system:
1 - ḷaḷ
2 - ye
3 - tʼaw
4 - nya
5 - tʼî
6 - pʼa
7 - te
8 - qokh
9 - lach
10 - iny
100 - awkhnî
1000 - hâtʼ

Derivational morphology

Adjective → adverb = If ends with vowel: Suffix -m
Else: Suffix -im
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Suffix -ekʼ
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Suffix -o
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Suffix -a
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -n
Else: Suffix -æn
Noun to verb = If ends with vowel: Suffix -m
Else: Suffix -am
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -m
Else: Suffix -em
Tending to = If ends with vowel: Suffix -n
Else: Suffix -ɔn
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -spɔ
Else: Suffix -ɨspɔ
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʧ
Else: Suffix -aʧ
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʈ
Else: Suffix -eʈ
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -s
Else: Suffix -us
Diminutive = Suffix -ə
Augmentative = If ends with vowel: Suffix -χ
Else: Suffix -oχ

As Above So Below As Within So Without Logo by Khali A. Crawford

Grandmaster SixPathsSage

Khali Crawford

   

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Dictionary

3021 Words.