Holy Tongue Kpar̀: The War Tongue

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind... | tun rawːr diir̀ teed rèè yeep tun nè rèè laar yunèès kpep yeeb

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Natively known as: kpar̀ /k͡par/

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
tun rawːr diir̀ teed rèè yeep tun nè rèè laar yunèès kpep yeeb
Pronunciation: /tun ɹɔːɹ diːr teːd ɹɛː jeːp tun nɛ ɹɛː laːɹ juˈnɛːs k͡pep jeːb/
Kpar̀ian word order: and he stood holding hat his and turned his face wet to the wind

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: b d g g͡b j k k͡p l n p r s t w ç ɹ ʦ ʧ

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Alveolar	Palato-alveolar	Palatal	Velar
Nasal		n
Stop	p b	t d			g k
Affricate		ʦ	ʧ
Fricative		s		ç
Approximant		ɹ		j
Trill		r
Lateral approximant		l

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-velar
Stop	k͡p g͡b
Approximant	w

Vowel inventory: a aː e eː i iː o oː u uː ɔ ɔː ɛ ɛː

	Front	Back
High	i iː	u uː
High-mid	e eː	o oː
Low-mid	ɛː ɛ	ɔ ɔː
Low	aː a

Syllable structure: Custom defined ?
Stress pattern: Ultimate — stress is on the last syllable ?
Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
ɛ	è
ɔ	aw
r	r̀
ɹ	r
j	y
ʧ	ch
g͡b	gb
k͡p	kp
ç	sh
ʦ	ts
Vː	VV

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Grammar

Main word order: Subject Verb Object (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary opened the door with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned after the noun.
Adposition: prepositions ?

Nouns

	Singular	Plural
Definite	Prefix u- ural /uˈɹal/ the dog	Prefix i- iral /iˈɹal/ the dogs
Indefinite	Prefix g͡bu- gbural /g͡buˈɹal/ a dog	Prefix o- oral /oˈɹal/ some dogs

Articles

Kpar̀ian encodes definite article ‘the’, and indefinite article ‘a’ in noun affixes. See Noun section.

Pronouns

	Nominative	Accusative
1st singular	tsi /ʦi/ I	ut /ut/ me
2nd singular	nuu /nuː/ you	uu /uː/ you
3rd singular masc	rawːr /ɹɔːɹ/ he, it (masc)	kpol /k͡pol/ his, it (masc)
3rd singular fem	dud /dud/ she, it (fem)	she /çe/ her, it (fem)
1st plural	dawː /dɔː/ we	yu /ju/ us
2nd plural	eel /eːl/ you all	nur̀ /nur/ you all
3rd plural	kpir /k͡piɹ/ they	in /in/ them

Possessive determiners

	Possessive
1st singular	nokp /nok͡p/ my
2nd singular	kpii /k͡piː/ your
3rd singular masc	rèè /ɹɛː/ his
3rd singular fem	eb /eb/ her
1st plural	ta /ta/ our
2nd plural	as /as/ your (pl)
3rd plural	tsawl /ʦɔl/ their

Verbs

Present	If starts with vowel: Prefix j- Else: Prefix jo- yopot /joˈpot/ learn
Past	If starts with vowel: Prefix epj- Else: Prefix epja- epyapot /epjaˈpot/ learned
Future	Prefix no- nopot /noˈpot/ will learn

Progressive aspect

The ‘progressive’ aspect refers to actions that are happening at the time of speaking, such as I am learning.
Kpar̀ian uses a standalone particle word for progressive:

Progressive

Particle before the verb: jok͡p - yokp pot /jok͡p pot/ be learning

Habitual aspect

The ‘habitual’ aspect refers to actions that happen habitually, such as I learn (something new every day), as opposed to actions that happen once (I learned something).
Kpar̀ian uses a standalone particle word for habitual:

Habitual

Particle before the verb: gaː - gaa pot /gaː pot/ learn (often, habitually)

Perfect aspect

The perfect aspect in English is exemplified in ‘I have read this book’, which expresses an event that took place before the time spoken but which has an effect on or is in some way still relevant to the present.
Kpar̀ian uses the word for ‘already’ pèèl for the perfect aspect.

Numbers

Kpar̀ian has a base-10 number system:
1 - yus
2 - oo
3 - tsib
4 - guu
5 - tsooch
6 - dich
7 - uur
8 - awːw
9 - yad
10 - yin
100 - yub
1000 - sho

Derivational morphology

Adjective → adverb = Prefix ɹeː-
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Prefix i-
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix j-
Else: Prefix ji-
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix er-
Else: Prefix eruː-
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If starts with vowel: Prefix ʦ-
Else: Prefix ʦi-
Noun to verb = Prefix oː-
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix iʦ-
Else: Prefix iʦɔ-
Tending to = Prefix ɔ-
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix irj-
Else: Prefix irji-
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = If starts with vowel: Prefix j-
Else: Prefix juː-
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Prefix u-
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = If starts with vowel: Prefix d-
Else: Prefix deː-
Diminutive = Prefix jɔː-
Augmentative = If starts with vowel: Prefix ind-
Else: Prefix indu-

As Above So Below As Within So Without Logo by Khali A. Crawford

Grandmaster SixPathsSage

Khali Crawford

   

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Dictionary

3020 Words.

One of the The Great Sage's 7 Holy Tongues

Common Female Names

• Ta Tsiyopaa | ta (winter) tsi-yopaa (flower-RELATING.TO)
• Yer̀uuneed | yer̀uu-need (dangerous-PRODUCT.OF)
• Awduchèè | aw-duchèè (cruel-TENDING.TO)

Common Male Names

• Rar Yiskawː | rar (sky) yiskawː (flame/burner)
• Shodaar̀ | shodaar̀ (attack)
• Yukp Ut | yukp (with) ut (me)