Oth

Natively known as: diam /d̪ˠia̯mˠ/

Oth is the oldest and third most common language in Othú. It's derived from the proto-languages, which are said to be given to the mortal races by the gods. Oth is closely related to the language of magic. Many locations and names come from Oth, as do many magical and occult terms.
Due to the complex nature of Oth, Eldrii is the most common language followed by Scratch, the language of trade.

Phonology

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Dental	Alveolar	Palato-alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	mʲ mˠ		n̪ˠ	nʲ		ɲ	ŋ
Stop	pʲ pˠ bʲ bˠ		t̪ˠ d̪ˠ	tʲ dʲ		c ɟ	k g
Fricative		fʲ fˠ vʲ vˠ		sˠ	ʃ	ç	x	h
Tap				ɾʲ ɾˠ
Lateral approximant				lʲ

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Velarized alveolar
Lateral approximant	ɫ

	Front	Back
High	iː	uː
Near-high	ɪ	ʊ
High-mid	eː	oː
Low-mid	ɛ	ɔ
Low	a	ɑː

Syllable structure: Custom defined Stress pattern: Initial — stress is on the first syllable Word initial consonants: bʲ bʲɾʲ bˠ bˠɾˠ c cɾʲ dʲ dʲɾʲ d̪ˠ fʲ fʲɾʲ fˠ g gɫ gɾˠ h k kɫ kɾˠ lʲ mʲ mˠ n̪ˠ pʲ pˠ sˠ sˠk sˠt̪ˠ sˠɾˠ tʲ tʲɾʲ t̪ˠ t̪ˠɾˠ vʲ x xɫ ç ɟ ɫ ɾˠ ʃ ʃc ʃcɾʲ Mid-word consonants: bˠ c dʲ d̪ˠ fʲ fˠ g gɫ h hɾˠ k lʲ mʲ mˠ mˠpˠ nʲ nʲʃ n̪ˠ n̪ˠt̪ˠ pˠ sˠ sˠk sˠt̪ˠ tʲ t̪ˠ vʲ vˠ x xt̪ˠ ŋ ɟ ɫ ɫt̪ˠ ɲ ɾʲ ɾˠ ɾˠsˠ ɾˠɫ ʃ ʃtʲ Word final consonants: dʲ d̪ˠ g h k lʲ mʲ mˠ nʲ nʲtʲ n̪ˠ sˠ sˠt̪ˠ tʲ vʲ vˠ x xt̪ˠ ŋg ɟ ɫ ɲ ɾʲ ɾʲtʲ ɾˠ ɾˠd̪ˠ ɾˠtʲ ɾˠt̪ˠ ʃ ʃtʲ
Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
ca	cea
coː	ceo
cu	ciu
kɪ	coi | cai | cui
k	c
h	th
x	ch
ç	ch
ɲ	nn
^n̪ˠ	n
nʲ	n
n̪ˠ	nn
ŋg	ng
ŋ	ng
mʲ	m
mˠ	m
pʲ	p
pˠ	p
bʲ	b
bˠ	b
lʲ	l
ɫ	l
ʃa	sea
sˠɪ	sai
sˠi	suí
sˠeː	sao
ʃɔ	seo | sio
ʃo	seo
ʃu	siu
ʃ	s
sˠ	s
tʲ	te / _{a,ɑː}
tʲ	t
tʲu	tiu
t̪ˠoː	teo
t̪ˠɛ	te
t̪ˠ	t
fˠi	faoi
fˠɪ	fui
fˠuː	fiú
fˠ	f
fʲ	f
ɟ	g
ɪ	i
ɑː	á
eːɾˠ	éar
ɾˠ	r
ɾʲ	r
vˠ	bh | mh
vʲ	bh
d̪ˠ	d
dʲ	d
əi	a
eː	é
ɛ	ei
ɔ	o
oː	ó
iː	í
uː	ú
iə	ia
əu	ai
uə	ua
ʊ	u
̯

Morphology

Adjective → adverb = If starts with vowel: Prefix bˠ- Else: Prefix bˠʊ- Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Prefix ɾˠiə̯- Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix bˠ- Else: Prefix bˠiə̯- Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix pˠ- Else: Prefix pˠuː- Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If starts with vowel: Prefix n̪ˠ- Else: Prefix n̪ˠɑː- Noun to verb = Prefix hɪ- Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix k- Else: Prefix ka- Tending to = If starts with vowel: Prefix g- Else: Prefix goː- Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix fˠ- Else: Prefix fˠʊ- Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Prefix bˠɾˠa- One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Prefix ɛ- Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Prefix a- Owner of = If starts with vowel: Prefix bh- Else: Prefix bha- Diminutive = If starts with vowel: Prefix t̪ˠ- Else: Prefix t̪ˠɑː- Augmentative = If starts with vowel: Prefix ç- Else: Prefix çeː- Opposite = Prefix ɾˠa-

Syntax

Main word order: Verb Object (Prepositional phrase) Subject. “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Opened the door with a key Mary. Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun. Adposition: postpositions

Singular	No affix cémhidú /ˈkeːvˠɪdʲuː/ dog
Plural	Suffix -ʃtʲ cébhidúst /ˈkeːvˠɪdʲuːʃtʲ/ dogs

1st person	aina /ˈaina/ I, me, mine, we, us, ours
2nd person	aini /ˈaini/ you, yours, you all, yours (pl)
3rd person	aino /ˈaino/ he, she, him, her, his, hers, it, its, they, them, theirs

Present	No affix au /ˈəi̯ʊ/ learn
Past	Suffix -ɲ aunn /ˈəi̯ʊɲ/ learned
Future	Suffix -ŋg aung /ˈəi̯ʊŋg/ will learn

Nominative	Prefix a- acémhidú /ˈakeːˌvˠɪdʲuː/ dog (doing the verb)
Accusative	Prefix ta- tacémhidú /ˈtakeːˌvˠɪdʲuː/ dog (verb done to) dog
Possessive	Prefix bha- bthacébhidú /ˈbhakeːˌvˠɪdʲuː/ dog's (owning the noun)

Phonetics

Consonant inventory: bʲ bˠ c dʲ d̪ˠ fʲ fˠ g h k lʲ mʲ mˠ nʲ n̪ˠ pʲ pˠ sˠ tʲ t̪ˠ vʲ vˠ x ç ŋ ɟ ɫ ɲ ɾʲ ɾˠ ʃ Vowel inventory: a eː ia̯ iə̯ iː oː uə̯ uː ɑː ɔ əi̯ əu̯ ɛ ɪ ʊ Diphthongs: ia̯ iə̯ uə̯ əi̯ əu̯

Sentence Structure

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind... ri ré bri sria mú aino aino ri lar liamí ta mú aino tua grua[alt] Pronunciation: /ɾˠɪ ɾˠeː bʲɾʲɪ sˠɾˠia̯ mʲuː ˈaino ˈaino ɾˠɪ ɫaɾˠ ˈɫia̯mˠiː t̪ˠəi̯ mʲuː ˈaino t̪ˠuə̯ gɾˠuə̯/ Oth word order: and stood holding his hat he and turned his wet face the wind to

Dictionary

4542 Words.