Nostire-Kaliaric Languages

The Nostire-Kaliaric languages are a primary language family spoken all around the Bay of Kaliar and along the Nostire River. The two most spoken languages of this family are Daulerim and Illodzin.
There are currenty 6-8 languages, which are considered part of this family. The family divides into a Nostiran and a Kaliaric subbranch. The Kaliaric subbranch consists of three languages, Illodzin, Edlamite and Kaliarene. Illodzin and Edlamite are often grouped together, as Kaliarene is spoken east of the Kaliar Bay, and heavily influenced by the Nostiran languages.
Nostiran is often divided into Central and Periphery. The periphery consists of two languages, Mennulite and Abattene. The Central group is a large cluster of dialects. Most notably is Daulerim, most widely spoken language of the Daulerim Empire. Daulerim itself consists of the Maralite and Illangarene dialects. Additionally there are younger dialects called Norther, Southern and Eastern Daulerim. There is additionally also another more divergent language, called South Nostiran, which split off around seven hundred years ago. The speakers of South Nostiran settled the lands formerly depopulated by the Wars against the Shatun.

Phonology

The two main branches in the Nostire-Kaliaric family are as mentioned, Nostiran and Kaliaric. They can be differentiated by a number of sound shifts marking each. The most important of these sound shifts are the retention of long vowels or rather the loss of them, the debuccalisation of /s/, loss of interdentals, the assimilation of nasals and the change of /b/ and /p/. The approximate age of the split between Nostiran and Kaliaric languages is around 2500 years.

Long Vowel retention/loss

Reconstructed vocalic inventory for Proto-Nostire-Kaliaric

	Front	Central	Back
High	i, ī		u, ū
Mid	e, ē		o, ō
Low		a, ā

The Proto-Nostire-Kaliaric language had five vowels with an additional length contrast. One of the most dividing factors is the loss and retention of long vowels in Kaliaric languages. Secondy loss of long vowels, aswell as mergers are not included into this split. Edlamite is the only daughter language, which has preserved all five long vowels. Illodzin has merged parts of its long vowels, while Kalariene has lost them entirely due to influence from Nostiran.
All Nostiran languages prominently lost their long vowels. Nostiran languages have lost their long vowels, but with different levels of compensation. The general rule says, that long vowels in open syllables became nasal vowels, which arguebly preserved heavy morae. The step via nasal vowels can however only really be proven for other branches. The reduction of long vowels, might not be one single consecutive sound change alltogether, which would subdivide Nostiran languages in the respective Central and Peripherical groups. Nasal Vowels within the Nostiran branch have however quickly segmentalised into either full nasals, or created new closed syllables by gemination.
The behavior of long vowels in closed syllables varies depends on each branch, another argument to posit that this change is not entirely defining for Nostiran itself. In Central Nostiran, long vowels closed in by sonorant simply merge with their short counterpart. Long vowels closed by any voiced stops create a diphthong, which vary depending on the environment. It is generally thought that Proto-Nostiran had four or five diphthongs, /ai, au, ei, ou/. Central Nostiran long vowels closed in by unvoiced stops and geminates positioned an epenthetic fricative between them or assimilated the first part of the geminate. Peripheral Nostiran however geminated unvoiced stops, while in case of vowels closed by geminates, merged the long vowel with its short counterpart.

Translation	Proto-NK	Kaliaric	Nostiran	Daulerim	Illod-Edlam	Illodzin
Three	ēli	ēli	ẽli	enni	ēli	āli
Five	mēna	mēna	mẽna	menna	mēna	māna
Woman	mildī	mildī	mildĩ	millin	mildī	mildī

/s/ Debuccalisation

In all Nostiran languages, intervocalic /s/ in consequently into /h/.

Translation	Proto-NK	Kaliaric	Nostiran	Daulerim	Illod-Edlam	Illodzin
One	kasi	kasi	kahi	kai	kahi	kaš
Up, above	mesā	mesā	mehã	mehan	mesā	mesā
North	ðesi	dzesi	ðehi	dai	dzesi	dzeš

Interdental Loss/Retention

Proto-Nostire-Kaliaric is generally reconstructed to have had the two interdental fricatives /θ/ and /ð/. They turned into the affricates /ts/ and /dz/ in all Kaliaric languages, while remaining interdentals in Proto-Nostiran. Central Nostiran and Mennulite lost the interdentals later in a secondary change, when they merged with the alveolars.

Translation	Proto-NK	Kaliaric	Nostiran	Daulerim	Illod-Edlam	Illodzin
All, everything	orðal	ordzal	orðol	ordol	ordzol	ordzō
Knowledge	emθe	emtse	emθe	emte	endze	endze

Nasal Assimilation

Kaliaric languages went trough a change in their nasals, as opposed to Nostiran. As general rule, in a pair of nasal+stop, the nasal will be assimilated to the following stop. Final labial nasals were also changed into alveolar nasals.

Translation	Proto-NK	Kaliaric	Nostiran	Daulerim	Illod-Edlam	Illodzin
Man	amta	anta	amta	amka	anda	anda
Conjunction	kesm	kesn	kesm	kesm	kesin	kešn
Genitive	-(i)m	-(i)n	-(i)m	-(i)m	-(i)n	-(i)n

Morphology

Nominal Case

The original system of cases in Nostire-Kaliaric consisted of five different cases. The main morphosyntactic cases, the Nominative and the Accusative, the nominal subordinate Genitive case, and two oblique cases called Stative and Lative. The genitive case is retained in all Nostire-Kaliaric languages. The category of the Accusative exists in all of them too, but is changed to various degrees. Thus for example, does Illodzin retain the original accusative partially, but mostly utilises an innovative new accusative. The pair of Stative and Lative have morphed into various different cases in the daughter languages, instrumental, dative or locative amongst others.

Geographic Distribution
Central Illangar, around the Kaliar Bay and the Nostire river
Proto-Language
Proto-Nostire-Kaliaric
Subdivions
Kaliaric
> Illod-Edlamite
> Illodzin
Nostiran
> Central
> Daulerim

> Peripheral