Ibrizian
Natively known as: ibriz /ˈibriʒ/
...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...di a vuk mamwi a huchi di vak a wik r̂arnyi abma vuch
Pronunciation: /di a vuk ˈmamwi a ˈhuʧi di vak a wik ˈɾarɲi ˈabma vuʧ/
Ibrizian word order: and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face the wind to
Spelling & Phonology
Consonant inventory: b c d f h j k l m n p r t v w ɟ ɣ ɦ ɲ ɾ ʃ ʒ ʤ ʧ↓Manner/Place→ | Bilabial | Labiodental | Alveolar | Palato-alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ||||
Stop | p b | t d | c ɟ | k | |||
Affricate | ʧ ʤ | ||||||
Fricative | f v | ʃ ʒ | ɣ | h ɦ | |||
Approximant | j | ||||||
Tap | ɾ | ||||||
Trill | r | ||||||
Lateral approximant | l |
↓Manner/Place→ | Labial-velar |
---|---|
Approximant | w |
Front | Back | |
---|---|---|
High | i | u |
Low | a |
Stress pattern: Penultimate — stress is on the second last syllable ? Spelling rules:
Pronunciation | Spelling |
---|---|
ɾ | r̂ |
ʒ | z |
j | y |
ʃ | sh |
ʤ | j |
ɟ | jy |
c | chy |
ʧ | ch |
ɦ | ḩ |
ɲ | ny |
ɣ | gh |
Grammar
Main word order: Subject Verb Object (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary opened the door with a key.Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: postpositions ?
Nouns
Nouns form plural with separate plural word:Plural | Particle before the noun: ɟi - jyi mid /ɟi mid/ dogs |
Articles
Ibrizian has no definite article ‘the’, or indefinite article ‘a’.Pronouns
1st singular | chab /ʧab/ I, me, mine |
2nd singular | vi /vi/ you, yours |
3rd singular | a /a/ he, him, his, she, her, hers, it, its |
1st plural inclusive | ba /ba/ we (including you), us (including you), ours (including you) |
1st plural exclusive | lich /liʧ/ we (excluding you), us (excluding you), ours (excluding you) |
2nd plural | vat /vat/ you all, yours (pl) |
3rd plural | jyach /ɟaʧ/ they, them, theirs |
Possessive determiners
Possessive | |
---|---|
1st singular | chab /ʧab/ my |
2nd singular | vi /vi/ your |
3rd singular | a /a/ his, her, its |
1st plural inclusive | ba /ba/ our (including you) |
1st plural exclusive | lich /liʧ/ our (excluding you) |
2nd plural | vat /vat/ your (pl) |
3rd plural | jyach /ɟaʧ/ their |
Verbs
Present | No affix chyur̂i /ˈcuɾi/ learn |
Past | If ends with vowel: Suffix -b Else: Suffix -ib chyur̂ib /ˈcuɾib/ learned |
Remote past | If ends with vowel: Suffix -k Else: Suffix -uk chyur̂ik /ˈcuɾik/ learned (long ago) |
Future | Suffix -i chyur̂ii /cuˈɾii/ will learn |
Progressive aspect
The ‘progressive’ aspect refers to actions that are happening at the time of speaking, such as I am learning.Ibrizian uses an affix for progressive:
Progressive | Suffix -uʃ chyur̂iush /cuˈɾiuʃ/ is learning |
Habitual aspect
The ‘habitual’ aspect refers to actions that happen habitually, such as I learn (something new every day), as opposed to actions that happen once (I learned something).Ibrizian uses a standalone particle word for habitual:
Habitual | Particle before the verb: da - da chyur̂i /da ˈcuɾi/ learns |
Perfect aspect
The perfect aspect in English is exemplified in ‘I have read this book’, which expresses an event that took place before the time spoken but which has an effect on or is in some way still relevant to the present.Ibrizian uses the word for ‘finish’ yib for the perfect aspect.
Numbers
Ibrizian has a base-10 number system: 1 - u2 - dijy
3 - ni
4 - dash
5 - vam
6 - halchyukwut
7 - sha
8 - chinchi
9 - dub
10 - yany
100 - kuj
1000 - nit
Derivational morphology
Adjective → adverb = If ends with vowel: Suffix -cElse: Suffix -ac
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Suffix -ub
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Suffix -i
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -t
Else: Suffix -at
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -m
Else: Suffix -um
Noun to verb = Suffix -a
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -t
Else: Suffix -ut
Tending to = Suffix -i
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Suffix -uɣ
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -m
Else: Suffix -am
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Suffix -aʤ
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -hbu
Else: Suffix -ihbu
Diminutive = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʧ
Else: Suffix -aʧ
Augmentative = Suffix -a
Dictionary
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