Auran
Natively known as: Auran /uˈran/
...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind... sai rey waerao syhu rey oiha sai peyre rey yhi wauh lau oiwoih Pronunciation: /saˈi reˈy ˈʋaerao ˈsyhu reˈy ˈoiha saˈi ˈpeyre reˈy ˈyhi wauh laˈu oiˈʋoih/ Auran word order: and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind
Spelling; Phonology
Consonant inventory: /d h k l m n p r s v w ʋ/
| ↓Manner/Place→ | Bilabial | Labiodental | Alveolar | Velar | Glottal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | |||
| Stop | p | d | k | ||
| Fricative | v | s | h | ||
| Approximant | ʋ | ||||
| Trill | r | ||||
| Lateral approximant | l |
Co-articulated phonemes
| ↓Manner/Place→ | Labial-velar |
|---|---|
| Approximant | w |
Vowel inventory: /a ae ai ao au ay e i o oi ou u y ye/
Diphthongs: ae, ai, ao, au, ay, oi, ou, ye
| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| High | i y | u |
| High-mid | e | o |
| Low | a |
Syllable structure: Custom defined Stress pattern: Second — stress is on the second syllable Word initial consonants: d, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, v, w, ʋ Mid-word consonants: d, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, ʋ Word final consonants: N/A
Phonological changes (in order of application):
- k → c / V_V
- v → b / #_
- v → w
How to read phonological rules
Spelling rules:
| Pronunciation | Spelling |
|---|---|
| ʋ | w |
| ʔ | ʻ |
| aː | ā |
| eː | ē |
| iː | ī |
| oː | ō |
| uː | ū |
Grammar
Main word order: Subject Verb Object (Prepositional phrase). "Mary opened the door with a key" turns into Mary opened the door with a key. Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun. Adposition: prepositions
Nouns
Nouns have two cases:
- Nominative is the doer of a verb: dog bites man.
- Accusative is the done-to of a verb: man bites dog.
| Nominative | No affix raepoi /raˈepoˌi/ doɡ (doinɡ the verb) |
| Accusative | Suffix -dao raepoidao /raˈepoˌidao/ (verb done to) doɡ |
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| Definite | No affix raepoi /raˈepoˌi/ the doɡ | Suffix -sy raepoisy /raˈepoˌisy/ the doɡs |
| Indefinite | Suffix -na raepoina /raˈepoˌina/ a doɡ | Suffix -kay raepoikay /raˈepoˌikay/ some doɡs |
Articles
Auran encodes definite article ‘the’, and indefinite article ‘a’ in noun affixes. See Noun section.
Pronouns
| Nominative | Accusative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | u /u/ I | nai /nai/ me |
| 2nd singular | dye /dye/ you (masc) | ay /ay/ you |
| 3rd singular masc | rey /rey/ he, it | ke /ke/ him, it |
| 3rd singular fem | pey /pey/ she, it | ai /ai/ her, it |
| 1st plural | dae /dae/ we | wae /ʋae/ us |
| 2nd plural | y /y/ you all | sai /sai/ you all |
| 3rd plural | ha /ha/ they | le /le/ them |
Possessive determiners
| 1st singular | u /u/ my |
| 2nd singular | ay /aˈy/ your |
| 3rd singular masc | rey /reˈy/ his |
| 3rd singular fem | pey /peˈy/ her |
| 1st plural | dae /daˈe/ our |
| 2nd plural | sai /saˈi/ your (pl) |
| 3rd plural | ha /ha/ their |
Verbs
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| Present | Suffix -moi laokihmoi /laoˈkihmoi/ (I/you/he/she) learns | Suffix -ly laokihly /laoˈkihly/ (we/they) learn |
| Past | Suffix -myi laokihmyi /laoˈkihmyi/ (I/you/he/she) learned | Suffix -lu laokihlu /laoˈkihlu/ (we/they) learned |
| Future | Suffix -ha laokihha /laoˈkihha/ (I/you/he/she) will learn | Suffix -mey laokihmey /laoˈkihmey/ (we/they) will learn |
Perfect aspect
The perfect aspect in English is exemplified in ‘I have read this book’, which expresses an event that took place before the time spoken but which has an effect on or is in some way still relevant to the present.
Auran uses an affix for the perfect aspect:
| Perfect | Suffix -rae laokihrae /laoˈkihrae/ have learned |
Numbers
Auran has a base-10 number system:
1 - ke
2 - ai
3 - mae
4 - so
5 - y
6 - okae
7 - ao
8 - dye
9 - day
10 - wyi
11 - ke sai wyi “one and ten”
100 - waymyiroi “hundred”
101 - waymyiroi ke “hundred one”
200 - ai waymyiroi
1000 - saidye “thousand”
Derivational morphology
Adjective → adverb = Suffix -ʋey
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Suffix -ly
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Suffix -koi
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Suffix -no
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = Suffix -le
Noun to verb = Suffix -dae
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Suffix -sa
Tending to = Suffix -kye
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Suffix -dao
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Suffix -dyi
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Suffix -ly
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Suffix -ʋyi
Diminutive = Suffix -ʋoi
Augmentative = Suffix -so
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