Uemp Proterozoic Eon Timeline

Proterozoic Eon

Paleoproterozoic Era

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  • 99999999


    Suavjärvi Impact
    Geological / environmental event

    Suavjärvi (in Karelian, Russian: Суавъярви) is a lake and impact crater in the Republic of Karelia, Russia about 50 km north of the town of Medvezhyegorsk. The approximately 3 km wide Suavjärvi lake is located in the centre of the crater.

  • 99999999


    Great Oxidation Event
    Geological / environmental event

    The Great Oxidation Event (GOE), sometimes also called the Great Oxygenation Event, Oxygen Catastrophe, Oxygen Crisis, Oxygen Holocaust, or Oxygen Revolution, was when Earth's atmosphere and the shallow ocean experienced a rise in oxygen around 2.4 billion years ago (2.4 Ga) to 2.1-2.0 Ga during the Paleoproterozoic era. Geological, isotopic, and chemical evidence suggests that biologically induced molecular oxygen (dioxygen, O2) started to accumulate in Earth's atmosphere and changed Earth's atmosphere from a weakly reducing atmosphere to an oxidizing atmosphere. The causes of the event remain unclear.

  • 99999999


    First cyanobacteria
    Geological / environmental event
  • 99999999


    Huronian Glaciation Start
    Geological / environmental event

    The Huronian glaciation (or Makganyene glaciation) was a glaciation that extended from 2.4 billion years ago (Gya) to 2.1 Gya, during the Siderian and Rhyacian periods of the Paleoproterozoic era. The Huronian glaciation followed the Great Oxygenation Event (GOE), a time when increased atmospheric oxygen decreased atmospheric methane. The oxygen combined with the methane to form carbon dioxide and water, which do not retain heat as well as methane does.   It is the oldest and longest ice age, occurring at a time when only simple, unicellular life existed on Earth. This ice age led to a mass extinction on Earth.

  • 249999999


    Bushveld Igneous Complex forms
    Geological / environmental event

    The Bushveld Igneous Complex (BIC) is the largest layered igneous intrusion within the Earth's crust.

  • 299999999

    699999999


    Continental Red Beds found
    Geological / environmental event

    Continental Red Beds found, produced by iron in weathered sandstone being exposed to oxygen.

  • 299999999

    499999999


    Eburnean orogeny
    Geological / environmental event

    The Eburnean orogeny, or Eburnean cycle was a series of tectonic, metamorphic and plutonic events in what is now West Africa during the Paleoproterozoic era about 2200–2000 million years ago. During this period the Birimian domain in West Africa was established and structured.

  • 399999999


    Huronian Glaciation End
    Geological / environmental event

    End of the Huronian Glaciation.

  • 399999999


    Earliest known eukaryote fossils found
    Geological / environmental event

    Earliest known eukaryote fossils found

  • 399999999


    Gabonionta
    Geological / environmental event

    The Francevillian biota (also known as Gabon macrofossils or Gabonionta) is a group of 2.1-billion-year-old Palaeoproterozoic, macroscopic organisms known from fossils found in Gabon in the Palaeoproterozoic Francevillian B Formation, a black shale province. The fossils are regarded as evidence of the earliest form of multicellular life.

  • 476999999


    Vredefort Impact
    Geological / environmental event

    The Vredefort crater is the largest verified impact crater on Earth. More than 300 kilometres (190 mi) across when it was formed, what remains of it is in the present-day Free State province of South Africa. It is named after the town of Vredefort, which is near its centre. Although the crater itself has long since eroded away, the remaining geological structures at its centre are known as the Vredefort Dome or Vredefort impact structure. The crater is estimated to be 2.023 billion years old (± 4 million years), with impact being in the Paleoproterozoic Era. It is the second-oldest known crater on Earth.

  • 499999999


    First Achritarcs
    Geological / environmental event

    Acritarchs are organic microfossils, known from approximately 1.8 billion years ago to the present. Their diversity reflects major ecological events such as the appearance of predation and the Cambrian explosion.

  • 499999999


    Great Oxidation Event End
    Geological / environmental event

    The Great Oxidation Event (GOE), sometimes also called the Great Oxygenation Event, Oxygen Catastrophe, Oxygen Crisis, Oxygen Holocaust, or Oxygen Revolution, was when Earth's atmosphere and the shallow ocean experienced a rise in oxygen around 2.4 billion years ago (2.4 Ga) to 2.1-2.0 Ga during the Paleoproterozoic era.

  • 499999999


    Atlantica Formation
    Geological / environmental event

    Atlantica (Greek: Ατλαντικα; Atlantika) is an ancient continent that formed during the Proterozoic about 2,000 million years ago (two billion years ago, Ga) from various 2 Ga cratons located in what is now West Africa and eastern South America. The name, introduced by Rogers 1996, was chosen because the continent opened up to form the South Atlantic Ocean.

  • 599999999


    Nena Supercontinent Formation
    Geological / environmental event

    Nena, an acronym for Northern Europe–North America, was the Early Proterozoic amalgamation of Baltica and Laurentia into a single "cratonic landmass", a name first proposed in 1990. Since then several similar Proterozoic supercontinents have been proposed, including Nuna and Arctica, that include other Archaean cratons, such as Siberia and East Antarctica.

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    Atlantica-Nena Separation
    Geological / environmental event

    Atlantica separated from Nena between 1.6–1.4 Ga when Columbia — a supercontinent composed of Ur, Nena, and Atlantica — fragmented.

Mesoproterozoic

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  • -600000000

    -400000000


    Atlantica-Nena Separation
    Geological / environmental event

    Atlantica separated from Nena between 1.6–1.4 Ga when Columbia — a supercontinent composed of Ur, Nena, and Atlantica — fragmented.