Language of the Ancients
The Language of the Ancients is a language that was spoken by the Ancients, hence the name, The Language of the Ancients. It presumably had it's own language when the ancients weren't the ancients, but it's unknown what this language is, because they're ancient. And extinct.
The language is scattered across the field of stars.
Phonology
Syllable structure: (C)V(C)
Stress pattern: Ultimate — stress is on the last syllable
Word initial consonants: h j k m p s t w ɾ ʔ
Mid-word consonants: h hj ht j jm js k kh km ks l lh ll lp ls lw m ml mm mɦ mɾ p pj pk pw pɾ s sj sk sm sp st sw t th tp tw tɾ w wm ww ɦ ɦl ɾ ɾɦ ʔ ʔɾ
Word final consonants: l m p s t w ɦ ɾ
Morphology
Articles
Definite yut /jʊt/
the
Indefinite op /op/
a, some
Definite article can be omitted: ‘I am going to supermarket’
Used for personal names in third person: ‘The Maria has left for school’
Nouns
Nouns have six cases:
Nominative is the doer of a verb: dog bites man.
Accusative is the done-to of a verb: man bites dog.
Genitive is the possessor of something: dog’s tail hits man.
Dative is the recipient of something: man gives ball to dog.
Locative is the location of something: man goes to town.
Ablative is movement away from something: man walks from town.
Nouns form plural with separate plural word:
Plural Particle before the noun: hʊl -
hul siw /hʊl sɪw/
dogs
Nominative No affix
siw /sɪw/
dog (doing the verb)
Accusative If starts with vowel: Prefix k-
Else: Prefix kʊ-
kusiw /kʊˈsɪw/
(verb done to) dog
Genitive If starts with vowel: Prefix j-
Else: Prefix ja-
yasiw /jaˈsɪw/
dogʼs
Dative If starts with vowel: Prefix k-
Else: Prefix ka-
kasiw /kaˈsɪw/
to (the/a) dog
Locative Prefix e-
esiw /eˈsɪw/
near/at/by (the/a) dog
Ablative If starts with vowel: Prefix j-
Else: Prefix je-
yesiw /jeˈsɪw/
from (the/a) dog
Verbs
Present Past Future
1st singular If starts with vowel: Prefix p-
Else: Prefix pa-
pakike /pakɪˈke/
(I) learn
If starts with vowel: Prefix j-
Else: Prefix jʊ-
yukike /jʊkɪˈke/
(I) learned
If starts with vowel: Prefix w-
Else: Prefix we-
wekike /wekɪˈke/
(I) will learn
2nd singular Prefix mʊ-
mukike /mʊkɪˈke/
(you) learn
Prefix jʊ-
yukike /jʊkɪˈke/
(you) learned
If starts with vowel: Prefix p-
Else: Prefix pɪ-
pikike /pɪkɪˈke/
(you) will learn
3rd singular Prefix mɪ-
mikike /mɪkɪˈke/
(he/she/it) learns
Prefix te-
tekike /tekɪˈke/
(he/she/it) learned
If starts with vowel: Prefix m-
Else: Prefix me-
mekike /mekɪˈke/
(he/she/it) will learn
1st plural Prefix mo-
mokike /mokɪˈke/
(we) learn
If starts with vowel: Prefix j-
Else: Prefix ja-
yakike /jakɪˈke/
(we) learned
If starts with vowel: Prefix k-
Else: Prefix ko-
kokike /kokɪˈke/
(we) will learn
2nd plural Prefix o-
okike /okɪˈke/
(you all) learn
If starts with vowel: Prefix p-
Else: Prefix pe-
pekike /pekɪˈke/
(you all) learned
If starts with vowel: Prefix s-
Else: Prefix sɪ-
sikike /sɪkɪˈke/
(you all) will learn
3rd plural If starts with vowel: Prefix h-
Else: Prefix hɪ-
hikike /hɪkɪˈke/
(they) learn
Prefix e-
ekike /ekɪˈke/
(they) learned
If starts with vowel: Prefix h-
Else: Prefix ha-
hakike /hakɪˈke/
(they) will learn
Imperfective aspect
The ‘imperfective’ aspect refers to ongoing actions, such as I am learning and habitual actions, such as I learn (something new every day).
the language uses a standalone particle word for imperfective:
Imperfective Particle before the verb: he -
he kike /he kɪˈke/
learns/is learning
Imperfective aspect
Numbers
has a base-10 number system:
1 - i
2 - pu
3 - ya
4 - daymú
5 - mo
6 - púm
7 - dul
8 - kaskúp
9 - yis
10 - we
11 - wei “ten-one”
100 - i ʻospom “one hundred”
101 - i ʻospom i “one hundred one”
200 - pu ʻospom
1000 - i húl “one thousand”
erivational morphology
Adjective → adverb = If ends with vowel: Suffix -m
Else: Suffix -em
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Suffix -o
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Suffix -oɦ
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Suffix -ɪt
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = Prefix o-
Noun to verb = If ends with vowel: Suffix -m
Else: Suffix -ʊm
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Prefix ʊ-
Tending to = Suffix -ɪ
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Prefix mo-
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Suffix -ep
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -m
Else: Suffix -ym
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Prefix ʊ-
Diminutive = Suffix -ɪp
Augmentative = If ends with vowel: Suffix -p
Else: Suffix -yp
Vocabulary
Pronouns
Nominative Accusative Genitive Dative Locative Ablative
1st singular maw /maw/
I
dop /ɾop/
me
si /sɪ/
mine
tol /tol/
to me
pi /pɪ/
at me
e /e/
from me
2nd singular as /as/
you
dal /ɾal/
you
sat /sat/
yours
pu /pʊ/
to you
ʻop /ʔop/
at you
mo /mo/
from you
3rd singular masc ho /ho/
he, it
húw /hyw/
him, it
yu /jʊ/
his, its
wú /wy/
to him, at it
ti /tɪ/
at him, at it
so /so/
from him, from it
3rd singular fem ʻew /ʔew/
she, it
yit /jɪt/
her, it
pú /py/
hers, its
di /ɾɪ/
to her, at it
se /se/
at her, at it
kit /kɪt/
from her, from it
1st plural mit /mɪt/
we
me /me/
us
ku /kʊ/
ours
wip /wɪp/
to us
ʻow /ʔow/
at us
o /o/
from us
2nd plural u /ʊ/
you all
sa /sa/
you all
pal /pal/
yours (pl)
mi /mɪ/
to you all
mud /mʊɾ/
at you all
úd /yɾ/
from you all
3rd plural ʻes /ʔes/
they
op /op/
them
pow /pow/
theirs
uɦ /ʊɦ/
to them
mis /mɪs/
at them
sop /sop/
from them
Possessive determiners
1st singular i /ɪ/
my
2nd singular we /we/
your
3rd singular masc mu /mʊ/
his
3rd singular fem o /o/
her
1st plural ʻes /ʔes/
our
2nd plural ʻiw /ʔɪw/
your (pl)
3rd plural eɦ /eɦ/
their
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