Ideologies (Origins)

Many ideologies in the world have been reinvented or independently developed by the world. For many the best comparison for the world's political state is broadly 1890's-1920's with some differences, even though the technological development can hardly be comparable to those eras.
In the era of grey, a highly toxic political environment has swept over the zeitgeist of most nations. The changing nature of the world and the growing sophistication of politics has led to the steady erosion of traditional monarchy in many nations.
Though exactly which ideology will take Royalism's place as the dominant ideology of the world has yet to be decided and nor can many really judge which one has the best chances of winning out.

Royalism

In the Old World, Royalism is not too different except Celestia's idea of Monarchy was not very prevalent and the Absolutist and authoritarian variant was far more common.
One of the oldest ideologies in the world, started by First Lord of Light, Manus himself. Many variants of this ideology exists from absolute Monarchy to Constitutional and ceremonial Monarchies. There are few absolute monarchies to date and the ones that do are on the rapid decline to annihilation.
The most popular model of Royalism is Celestia's, the idea of delegation to near parliamentary departments. Alpacan runs a sort of rapidly democratizing constitutional Monarchy with the Monarch more of a guardian of rights and the people then specifically a national leader with supreme power.
All Royalists are about trying to maintain a steady and controlled status quo. To have things move forward but not in a way that endangers higher society and the crown. A royalist like Celestia believes that a Monarch is to be a Guardian for the people, for Society. To ensure that whatever changes that does come to the nation. It doesn't disturb the Harmonic balance of it all. 

Republicanism

In the old world, the ideology was simply put, the idea of a government that protects the Liberty and civic virtue of the citizenry of the nation. Broadly it is a legal framework that cannot be arbitrarily ignored by the government. A system where your rights cannot be easily tossed aside and rule of law is central to it all. It's best to consider the new Republicanism as a far more principled and Strong backed Liberal Ideology. Sometimes it is Libertarian as well.
The second oldest ideology, though for the longest time, also the least organized. The philosophical and ideological basis of the idea was made and written about by Rosaria. It wasn't until Freedria and Lexer being founded did the first Republican nations exist.
They normally rally around the ideas of separation of powers, Separation of church and states. Around the ideas of Freedom, Equity (Sometimes equality), Pursuit of happiness. Freedom of opinion and expression and other very liberal virtues
Despite developing very independently from each other, Starlight's Equalist values and many Republicans line up on many issues, though differ in solutions for the same issues. It goes so far as this world's of syndicalism being considered the brain child of Republicanism and ism ore associated with it, then equalists. Probably the primary difference in Republicans from Equalists is that Republicans still favor.
An Republican state essentially wishes to permanently enshrine and entrench the idea of people rule while crushing all notions of a Tyranny of Majorities. Many attempt to run a multi party system, Lexer and the Colonies being the most successful in preventing binary opposition or more simply put a Two party system. They are very often militaristic and are unafraid to defend themselves and others. 
Very Prideful and strongminded, however Underground molded the ideology to be more accepting of other ideologies. Instead believing that a constitution shouldn't be able enforcing a single ideology onto a nation, but rather ensuring that even if a Radical Equalist were to be elected into a democracy. That Democracy has all the safe guards it needs to host such a leader without the threat of Tyranny or atleast, a severely diminished one. 

Symbolism:

The Crow

Ever Since Underground came into existence, the Crow has become an Iconic symbol of Freedom. The Dark Bird, often a grim symbol reflects the time of which the symbol was first made. It's a symbol of remembering the Darkness a democracy emerges from and is a symbol of it's quiet and highly armed protectors. It's also a grim symbol for all those who've died to bring Freedom, Peace and Harmony. 

The Verosa Seal

The Crest of House Verosa, the Noble Hosue who fought for Lexer's Freedom and heralded the first Democracy. This Dragon has become a symbol of Fury and Might amongst Republicans. A Symbol of Rebellion and a constant Reminder of the cost of Freedom. Many Republicans Brandish this symbol or a version of it when rallying for Republicanism.
It also has the Iconic mix of a Dragon and a Alicorn, which few symbols have. It's very memorable as a result and few could mistake it for anything else.

The Lexean Crest

Another Important symbol of Democracy, All Lexean States and colonies Brandish this symbol as the symbol of their Democracy. It is composed of a version of Princess Luna's Symbol, a Lexean Hoplite Shield and a Verosa Dragon. It also has the Iconic Republican Deep blues that is almost always associated with the Night and of Lexer It's self. 

The Syndicalist Gears

A favored symbol of Equalists who've forsaken their ideology for the New World Variant of Syndicalism. It is very similar to the Old world symbol for Syndicalism and is very frequently found at Syndicalist rallies or flying along side other Republican Symbols. It is not considered an Equalist one as it is often a Symbol against what Equalism has become.
Symbolizing an individual's commitment to Liberty and Personal Happiness over the radical Collectivism of current day Eqaulists. A symbol of someone who is  against Corporatism but in favor of Democracy, even when it is inconvenient. 

Equalism

In the old world there is various versions of Communism and Socialism. All have wildly different ideas and world views on what and how should be done. Broadly they all believed or claimed to believe in a more equal world. A Classless society of some form, though of course. As with all things. There was Exceptions.
Equalism is a complicated ideology, that was independently developed from the old world writings of Karl Marx. None of the writings of communist figures like Marx, Lenin, Stalin, Trotsky or Mao Zadong or other major figures survived the test of time. It was developed by Starlight Glimmer who was dissatisfied with the state of Equestria and it's path. But also with Lexer and it's continuous and seemingly losing struggle against Yorta and it's other corporatist allies.
Angry over the inequality of societies around her, started up her own in the town of Equalis. Following the idea of Equality, she wrote her first manifesto to codify the realization that currency is fake, designed to create wealth and create civilization. That the worth of a individual is not less because they happen to be poor. That a nation has a responsibility to it's people and to their welfare and that shared wealth, the idea of tax payer money, of Free healthcare and Education. 
It is very much along the lines of the writings of Karl Marx and some other communist/socialist thought leaders. This brief era in the ideology was overthrown by Silverlight creating the Silver manifesto. Overwriting the ideas of Starlight while using the same language and framework to create a new hyper collectivist and authoritarian Ideology that believes the common worker incapable of the world revolution. The Revolution being only possible through the creation of a Equalist Super-state with a vast army and weapons arsenal. 
To create a Red Wave that'll crush the bourgeoisie with overwhelming force. In reality the ideology has very few material differences between it and Totalism. Having many similarities to Bolshivekism but somehow even more violent, radical and dogmatic then before. Theoretically there is a huge difference between this variant of Equalism and Totalism but the practical realties of both are so similar, one may wonder if the theoretical differences matter at all.

Symbolism

The Seal of Eqality

A simple but potent symbol of Equalism, all Equalist flags incorporate this symbol into their design. It's Two straight blocky lines, the bottom line represents the people and the top one symbolise the elite, the leader caste and both are measured equally against each other with no distinguishing marks. The Perfect representation of the kind of society Equalists want.
Everything is Equal, nothing is different.

Totalism

In the old World Fascism is a hard to define idea with a debatable status as an ideology. Ideas such as Mussolini's Italy or Adolf Hitler's Nazism are variants of Fascism but perhaps it is best described as a Cancer. Capable of infecting any ideology prone to radical thought, hatred of the other and increasing dependence and reverence for the state. In the Old and New world, Fascism is best summarized as...
“Everything in the State, nothing outside the State, nothing against the State.” -Benito Mussolini
Totalism is a fascist ideology but perhaps the most Radical and evil variant ever created. Totalism is the idea of a Super State with unlimited power but exact specifics of why a Totalist in the New World believes this, is where the real evil is. A Totalist not only believes that the State should have ultimate and supreme power over everything but the idea of them as a individual existing apart from that state is for a lack of a better word, carnally heretical. 
In Totalism it is a hyper collectivist world view where every single person is a part of the state, a direct servant of it and is completely and totally devoted to the state, it's ideology and it's cause. In a family, that is not your child, that is the state's child and you would have it no other way. As a Totalist you're taught to think why should you fear the state, if you're the state? 
Totalism is often associated and found along side of hyper conservatism. Promising Order and Stability in a chaotic world. It was invented by the Nationalist Equalist Party, in Pfredreich. The Name and symbol of the NEP alone giving grim and foreboding foreshadowing. Despite supposedly no documents or writings of Fascism surviving.
The Germanic, Imperialistic and oppressed nation of Pfredreich  is swiftly falling to familiar shadows with Totalism spreading across the world, infecting various ideologies like a cancer, slowly overtaking the host and killing. Birthing a fully realized Totalist in it's wake.
A Totalist could be a Capitalist's...could be an Equalist. They could believe in a God or not believe in a God. Anyone can become a Totalist as it is an ideology that is the epitome of Jingoism, Tribalism, Fanaticism and Collectivism. Even a Progressive Liberal who puts too much faith in Militaries and governments, who slides too far intro Patriotism and thus into nationalism can swiftly become a Totalist while still supporting supposedly Liberal and Progressive values. 
Some Totalists do not even realize they have become one and will resist and deny any attempts to show them that they have even become one. 
Never let your beliefs, compromise your individuality and critical thinking. It really is, that Invasive and Insidious.

Symbolism

The Prism

The Prism is a often cited symbol for Totalists or Proto Totalist. It Symbolizes the Supreme hierarchy of society as something to be proud of. Factions sympathetic or Crypto will often find some way of putting triangle shapes in their flag. Though not all Triangle shapes are actually Totalist Dog Whistles. If that flag has that triangle as a center piece however it's very safe to assume it's some form of Totalist Symbology. 

The Crest of the N.E.P

This far more Potent and evil symbol very much emulates the Old World Swastika and is the Universal Symbol of all Totalists. Putting the symbol on themselves and their flags however they can. The Triangle in the center represents the state with each o f the legs representing The Military, Society and Industry. The driving forces for the Totalist state's supremacy all part of the same symbol to symbolize the Totalist's vision of society. 
It is safe to assume that when you see this flying, whoever is flying it is worthy of scorn and Ridicule. 

Ecoism

Ecoism is the gathering of various ideas surrounding the idea of a Green and healthy Earth. The love and care of the Planet and it's well being. This ideology can co-exist with others. You can be a Eco Republican, Royalist, Equalist and Totalist or other. It is broadly best described as a Green Ideology concerned about the environment.
In the New World this idea has developed into a besieged but wide spread ideology that believes that the world is barreling towards an Ecological disaster whether brought by Sapient made means or by Demonic means. There is two major camps within Ecoism, Peaceful and Warlike. In other words Moderate and Radical. many of the Eco Terrorism carried out against Yorta is done by Radical Ecoists who are against the mass extraction of dust for Auralight power. 
Moderates are best exemplified by Fluttershy, someone who takes peaceful action to try and improve the situation of the environment and Climate whether by using natural or magical means. Science and Progress being a staple of a moderate Ecoist. 
Where as a Radical wishes to use force means to make the world comply with a new Green agenda under the threat of death. Often motivated by the idea extinction of life or their own species. 
The most successful Moderate Ecoists would have to be the Lexean Colonists who use the Colony's need for food and greenery as a driving force for Ecological study and work. As well as making the environment a part of the Republic's guarantee to a safe, Happy and Free life. All of which is impossible with a devastated environment. 

Capitalism

In the Old World, Capitalism is a economic system that promotes trade and Growth. The Idea of every generation being richer then the last, constant progress, delivered by private organizations and factions. Competing in a free and fair market, whether regulated or not. Capitalism is often associated with democracy because in a functional capitalist system, it is the customers wallet who decides who wins and who does not in the market. Making it an inherently democratic process.
In the new world, for millions Capitalism is a mostly forgotten ferry tale. Reckless market practices ,economic policies and corruption of state and society has led to total erasure of capitalism across many nations. With Nations like Alpacan and Lexer being among the few who still push for a truly capitalist system. Promoting Competition, Freedom and Community. 
A Capitalist wants to accrue wealth but but also achieve success and build a legacy. A Capitalist will seek to climb the meritocratic ladder but not lose their Humanity and sense of decency. A Capitalist knows restraint and understands ethics and morality. They win the game, not extort the game. The moment one gives into Competition, forgets their fellow sapients , abandons meritocracy. The Idea of the fair go? They are no longer a Capitalist, though they may look the part. 
A System without Meritocracy, Fairness, Competition and restraint, is not a Capitalist system at all. 

Corporatism 

In the Old World, Corporatism is vaguely defined evil within Capitalism. A Corporatist system is where State and Business increasingly become indistinguishable. Corporatism is not a system that promotes competition but actively suppresses it. It's a system of unchecked power and Monopolies. A System where money rules above all else. It is the fate of all Capitalist Systems, who do not mind the dangers and restrain themselves. 
For the New world, Corporatism is the master of all. That Master has a name, The Yorta Corporation. Much like in the old world, the Corporatist seeks total domination of all those around them. To them to win the game, is to extort the game. Playing fair and honorably being a faulty and outdated concept. Taking over governments, institutions and all factors of life they can. 
It is not surprising then when Corporatism is often associated with Totalism given that Yorta consistently believes everyone to be an asset. For all Under them to be property and for all outside of their domain, property they do not yet own. 
For the Corporatists they believe in a Might makes right, Dog eats dog mentality where only the best can succeed and the smart ensure that no one whom is dangerous to them or their profits gets the chance to stop them. To a Corporatists, Blackmail, corruption, murder and Excess is just all part of the game and nothing more. They will forsake entire groups of people to their doom if it meant the company got a profit out of it.