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Earth's Neolithic Cultural Horizon

Written by Janudz

From communications with the Indus Valley Civilization, and through the Fertile Crescent, Late Neolithic culture had spread all around the Mediterranean, across Central Europe, up into the British Isles, as well as to Eastern Asia.

Geography

Their settlements sited near hillsides at the base of mountain ranges, in originally dry ranges above spring's green fields of river valleys; here they collectively maintained year-round agriculture with reseviors, canals, and cisterns placed above their seasonally flooded fields and family ponds.
Alternative Name(s)
Chthonic cultural horizon
Type
Planet
Location under
Catalhuyuk
Included Locations

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Stone Age

The European continent was populated with humans again, 9 millenia before the time of the Roman empire, when glaciers finally retreated north of Europe.

  • -5699 BCE

    300 BCE

    Neolithic Cultures' Spread
    Population Migration / Travel

    Earth's Neolithic Cultural Horizon spread from South Asia and Mesopotamia, onward in all directions. 

  • -3799 BCE

    -299 BCE

    Neolithic settlements the size of cities
    Life, Organisation Association

    ** Neolithic people built round cities in eastern Europe, with circular avenues, neighborhood buildings, and open centers. For example, in Talianki in Eastern Europe, the Cucuteni–Trypillia Culture lived in such a Round City from roughly 3600 BCE.   ** Neolithic people built mounded cities in the Near East, for example Catalhuyuk was lived in between 7100 BCE and 5700 BCE.

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    people -places
  • -1699 BCE

    301 BCE

    Donkey Domestication

    Neolithic peoples domesticated donkeys. The oldest known evidence of domesticated donkeys is in East Africa, over 7,000 years ago. This was 2,500 years before domesticated horses in the Western Steppe lands of Eurasia.

  • -299 BCE

    301 BCE

    Water Buffalo Domestication

    Two thousand years before Indo-Europeans arrived, Neolithic people domesticated the river-type water buffalo in western South Asia (which includes the Indus Valley region). From there, they brought it west as far as Egypt, southern Europe, the Levant, and the Mediterranean regions.

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  • -199 BCE

    301 BCE

    Horses Domesticated

    The Yamnaya wielded technologies of wheeled carts and horses, to spread out in explosively fast migrations. These were the spreaders of Proto-Indo-European languages.

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Bronze Age

3300 BCE 1177 BCE

  • 3000 BCE

    1600 BCE

    Stone Henge Construction

    Neolithic people built Stone Henge, here on the western-island fringes of European lands.  Other stone circles are constructed all over Europe from roughly 5000 BCD to -2500 BCE.

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  • 2900 BCE

    2494 BCE

    Great Pyramid Construction & Gilgamesh

    The great Egyptian Pyramids of Giza, and others were built during Egypts 4th Dynasty which reigned 2613 BCE to 2494 BCE. Pryamid design was based on mastabas, and earlier Neolithic mounds over deep vertical pits. Gilgamesh was said to be a ruler of Uruk immediately before this period, around 2900 BCE to 2700 BCE.

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  • 2500 BCE

    2300 BCE

    First Indo-European Kings
    Military action

    Sargon of Akkad Is the first known Indo-European monarchr in the Near East.  His time (around 2500 BCE) is associated with huge changes all across that place below the Caspian and Black Seas, where Neolithic settlements had stewarded the landscape for over five millennia before.  This time corresponds to when descendents of Western Steppe Herders; the speakers of Proto-Indo-European languages took power.

    PIE
    Location
    Near East
  • 1500 BCE

    1177 BCE

    Proto-Indo-Europeans In South Asia
    Expedition

    Indo-Europeans bring the Vedic traditions to what is now India.

Article template
Geographic Location
World
Neolithic World Horizon
Category
Places
Author
Janudz
Publication Date
26 Sep, 2024
Creation Date
26 Sep, 2024
Last Update Date
10 Feb, 2025
Visibility
Public
Views
10
Favorites
Comments
0
Work In Progress

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