Larani

Natively known as: larani / larani / /larani/

Larani is really just an expanded dialect of Lati {Language}. It trades out a few sounds, and lacks any sort of stress. It is the most spoken language in Laran, largely due to Lerin making up a majority of the population. However, most Lati do speak it

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
zûl aéz súw név mö̏lm taé zûl név lýwkhýlt vêlv gè weő nı̋w / ʐʉ̂ɫ ɶ́ʑ sʉ́ɰ név mø̏lm tɶ́ ʐʉ̂ɫ név ɬɤ́wxɤ́lt vêlv gè wɞ̋ nɯ̋ɰ /
Pronunciation: /ʐʉ̂ɫ ɶ́ʑ sʉ́ɰ név mø̏lm tɶ́ ʐʉ̂ɫ név ɬɤ́wxɤ́lt vêlv gè wɞ̋ nɯ̋ɰ/
larani word order: and he stood his hat holding and his wet face turned the wind to

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: b d g j k k͡w l m n p q r s t v w x ç ɟ ɫ ɬ ɰ ʃ ʐ ʑ ʙ ʝ β

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Alveolar	Palato-alveolar	Retroflex	Alveolo-palatal	Palatal	Velar	Uvular
Nasal	m		n
Stop	p b		t d				ɟ	k g	q
Fricative	β	v	s	ʃ	ʐ	ʑ	ç ʝ	x
Approximant							j	ɰ
Trill	ʙ		r
Lateral fricative			ɬ
Lateral approximant			l

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-velar	Velarized alveolar
Approximant	w
Lateral approximant		ɫ

Vowel inventory: a e i o u ø œ ɞ ɤ ɯ ɶ ʉ
Tones: ́ ̄ ̋ ̀ ̏ ̏ ̌ ̂

	Front	Central	Back
High	i	ʉ	ɯ u
High-mid	e ø		ɤ o
Low-mid	œ	ɞ
Low	a ɶ

Syllable structure: Custom defined Stress pattern: No stress Word initial consonants: b d g j k k͡w l m n s t v w x ç ɟ ɫ ɬ ɰ ʃ ʐ ʑ ʙ β Mid-word consonants: b bb bd bj bn br d db dg dl dn ds g gb gm gr gʐ j jb jd jg jk js jt jv jʃ k kb kj kl kr ks kt kç k͡w l lg lj ll ln lq lv lw lɟ lʃ lʐ m md mj mk mp mt mv mw mɬ mʃ n nb ng nl nr ns nt nv nw nx nɫ nʃ nʝ p pk pn pp pr ps pw pɫ q qd qq qt r rd rk rm rw rç s sb sd sn sp ss sv sx sç t td tj tp ts tv tw tx tç v vl vm vr vv w wb wk wl wm wp wq wt wv wx wʃ wβ x xj xk xm xn xs ç ɟ ɟb ɟl ɟm ɟn ɟʃ ɫ ɫd ɫm ɫp ɫs ɫɟ ɫɫ ɬ ɬw ɰ ʃ ʃk ʃl ʃm ʃn ʃp ʃs ʃt ʃx ʐ ʐb ʐd ʑ ʙ ʝ ʝj β Word final consonants: b bn g jk js jʃ k k͡w l ld lk lm lp ls lt lv lx m n ns nw nx nʃ p q rd rg rk rm rn rp rr rɟ rʃ s st t tm v w ws ç çt ɟ ɫ ɬ ɰ ʃ ʃk ʃt ʐ ʑ ʙ ʝ β
Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
ɣ	ğ
ɾ	r
ʃ	ş
ʤ	c
ʧ	ç
y	ü
j	y
ø	ö
ɯ	ı
ɣ	g
ɾ	r
ʃ	s
ʤ	c
ʧ	c
y	u
j	y
ø	o
ɯ	i
ø	o
ɤ	y
ɶ	ae
ɯ	w
ɫ	l
ɬ	l
β	b
ʙ	b
ç	c
ʃ	ts
ʝ	j
ɟ	j
ɰ	w
ʑ	z
ʐ	z
ʉ	u
ɞ	eo
œ	oe
x	kh

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Grammar

Main word order: Subject Object Verb (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary the door opened with a key. Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun. Adposition: postpositions

Nouns

Nouns have three cases:

• Nominative is the doer of a verb: dog bites man.
• Accusative is the done-to of a verb: man bites dog.
• Genitive is the possessor of something: dog’s tail hits man.

Nominative	No affix khı̏m / xɯ̏m / /xɯ̏m/ dog (doing the verb)
Accusative	Prefix ê- êkhı̏m / êxɯ̏m / /êxɯ̏m/ (verb done to) dog
Genitive	Prefix ø̌- ö̌khı̏m / ø̌xɯ̏m / /ø̌xɯ̏m/ dogʼs

Singular	No affix khı̏m / xɯ̏m / /xɯ̏m/ dog
Plural	If starts with vowel: Prefix ɬ- Else: Prefix ɬē- lēkhı̏m / ɬēxɯ̏m / /ɬēxɯ̏m/ dogs

Articles

larani has no definite article ‘the’, or indefinite article ‘a’.

Pronouns

	Nominative	Accusative	Genitive
1st singular	zýs / ʐɤ́s / /ʐɤ́s/ I	nǔ / nǔ / /nǔ/ me	ȍ / ȍ / /ȍ/ mine
2nd singular	wâ / wâ / /wâ/ you	ȁz / ȁʐ / /ȁʐ/ you	sā / sā / /sā/ yours
3rd singular	aéz / ɶ́ʑ / /ɶ́ʑ/ he, she, it	gı́lt / gɯ́lt / /gɯ́lt/ him, her, it	név / név / /név/ his, hers, its
1st plural	tó / tó / /tó/ we	sı̂m / sɯ̂m / /sɯ̂m/ us	gě / gě / /gě/ ours
2nd plural	khè / xè / /xè/ you all	ci̋ / çi̋ / /çi̋/ you all	ly̋n / ɫɤ̋n / /ɫɤ̋n/ yours (pl)
3rd plural	ì / ì / /ì/ they	áld / áld / /áld/ them	dȍt / dȍt / /dȍt/ theirs

Possessive determiners

1st singular	ȍ / ȍ / /ȍ/ my
2nd singular	sā / sā / /sā/ your
3rd singular	név / név / /név/ his, her, its
1st plural	gě / gě / /gě/ our
2nd plural	ly̋n / ɫɤ̋n / /ɫɤ̋n/ your (pl)
3rd plural	dȍt / dȍt / /dȍt/ their

Verbs

Present	No affix weō / wɞ̄ / /wɞ̄/ learn
Past	If starts with vowel: Prefix m- Else: Prefix mī- mīweō / mīwɞ̄ / /mīwɞ̄/ learned

larani uses a standalone particle word for future tense:

Future

Particle before the verb: gű - gű weō / gű wɞ̄ / /gű wɞ̄/ will learn

Perfect aspect

The perfect aspect in English is exemplified in ‘I have read this book’, which expresses an event that took place before the time spoken but which has an effect on or is in some way still relevant to the present.
larani uses the word for ‘finish’ ö̋mō / ø̋mō / for the perfect aspect.

Numbers

larani has a base-10 number system:
1 - zỳb / ʐɤ̀ʙ /
2 - mì / mì /
3 - ỳ / ɤ̀ /
4 - dı̋ / dɯ̋ /
5 - bǐj / ʙǐɟ /
6 - ê / ê /
7 - cú / çʉ́ /
8 - gaȅ / gɶ̏ /
9 - uūw / jūw /
10 - báw / ʙáw /
11 - zỳb / ʐɤ̀ʙ / zûl / ʐʉ̂ɫ / báw / ʙáw / “one and ten”
100 - zỳb / ʐɤ̀ʙ / zý / ʐɤ́ / “one hundred”
101 - zỳb / ʐɤ̀ʙ / zý / ʐɤ́ / zûl / ʐʉ̂ɫ / zỳb / ʐɤ̀ʙ / “one hundred and one”
200 - mì / mì / zý / ʐɤ́ /
1000 - zỳb / ʐɤ̀ʙ / ól / ól / “one thousand”

Derivational morphology

Adjective → adverb = Prefix ɰʉ̋-

Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix x-
Else: Prefix xɯ̄-

Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Prefix bɞ̄-

Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix ʙ-
Else: Prefix ʙû-

Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If starts with vowel: Prefix ɬ-
Else: Prefix ɬɯ́-

Noun to verb = If starts with vowel: Prefix m-
Else: Prefix má-

Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix n-
Else: Prefix nʉ́-

Tending to = If starts with vowel: Prefix d-
Else: Prefix dû-

Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix x-
Else: Prefix xê-

Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = If starts with vowel: Prefix d-
Else: Prefix dè-

One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = If starts with vowel: Prefix w-
Else: Prefix wȕ-

Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Prefix à-

Diminutive = If starts with vowel: Prefix ʑ-
Else: Prefix ʑɯ̄-

Augmentative = Prefix ɞ̀-

Of inorganic = If contains {}: Prefix ɯ̄-
Else: Prefix ɯ́-

Of magic = If contains {}: Suffix -ɯ̂ɟ
Else: Suffix -íb

Opposite = If contains {}: Suffix -âɰ
Else: Suffix -ʉ̄k

Of place = If contains {}: Suffix -a̋
Else: Suffix -ø̀

Of life = If contains {}: Suffix -ōb
Else: Suffix -ɤ̏ɫ

Of death = If contains {}: Prefix βɯ̂-
Else: Prefix ne̋-

Again = If contains {}: Suffix -ât
Else: Suffix -ȁm

Geographical Distribution

The primary langauge of Laran used by most of its populace.

Dictionary

4506 Words.

Root Languages

• Lati {Language}

Spoken by

• Lati {Placeholder}
• Lerin

Common Phrases

Phonetic Spelling; meaning; usage
idikval ka'ika; motherfucker; curse & pejorative
pamkiosakip; get bent; curse and pejorative
ovuvdam; hello/goodbye; greeting and farewell
kil kin akpel dzoete; may you touch the stars; wishing success
dzoèkadikonov kaaq bamsal kabana; curses don't dispell; an old adage meaning "It is, what it is."
These are some sayings used by only the Lerin, as few Lati speak Larani frequently.

Common Unisex Names

For names, see the details of the various species that make up the Lerin population.