Urien

Natively known as: urie /ˈuɹaɪ̯/

 

Urien is a draconic language primarily utilized by the Dragonborn. It's only written script was created by the Kajuzurie much later, and so all its written works are from the last thousand years even while it's stories may be much older.

 

Spelling & Phonology

  Consonant inventory: d g h j k l n s t z ð ŋ ɹ ʃ ʒ ʤ ʧ θ  
↓Manner/Place→DentalAlveolarPalato-alveolarPalatalVelarGlottal
Nasalnŋ
Stopt dk g
Affricateʧ ʤ
Fricativeθ ðs zʃ ʒh
Approximantɹj
Lateral approximantl
  Vowel inventory: aɪ̯ aʊ̯ o u ɑ ʊ ʌ   Diphthongs: aɪ̯ aʊ̯ ?  
Back
Highu
Near-highʊ
High-mido
Low-midʌ
Lowɑ
  Syllable structure: (C)V ?
Stress pattern: Penultimate — stress is on the second last syllable ?   Spelling rules:  
PronunciationSpelling
aɪ̯ie
aʊ̯ou
ɑa
ʊ
ʌ
jy
θth
ðdh
ŋng
ɹr
ʃsh
ʒzh
ʤj
ʧch
◌̯
 

Grammar

  Main word order: Subject Object (Prepositional phrase) Verb. “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary the door with a key opened.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: postpositions ?  

Nouns

  Nouns have seven cases:
  • Nominative is the doer of a verb: dog bites man.
  • Accusative is the done-to of a verb: man bites dog.
  • Genitive is the possessor of something: dog’s tail hits man.
  • Dative is the recipient of something: man gives ball to dog.
  • Locative is the location of something: man is in town.
  • Ablative is movement away from something: man walks from town.
  • Instrumental is the use of something: man writes with (using) pen.
NominativeNo affix
zosasho /zoˈsɑʃo/ dog (doing the verb)
AccusativePrefix su-
suzosasho /ˌsuzoˈsɑʃo/ (verb done to) dog
GenitivePrefix ʧu-
chuzosasho /ˌʧuzoˈsɑʃo/ dogʼs
DativePrefix sɑ-
sazosasho /ˌsɑzoˈsɑʃo/ to dog
LocativePrefix laʊ̯-
louzosasho /ˌlaʊ̯zoˈsɑʃo/ near/at/by dog
AblativePrefix ʧaɪ̯-
chiezosasho /ˌʧaɪ̯zoˈsɑʃo/ from dog
InstrumentalPrefix ɹu-
ruzosasho /ˌɹuzoˈsɑʃo/ with/using dog
 
MasculineFeminine
SingularNo affix
tu /tu/ boy
No affix
kou /kaʊ̯/ girl
PluralPrefix jʌ-
yǔtu /ˈjʌtu/ boys
Prefix nu-
nukou /ˈnukaʊ̯/ girls
 

Articles

 
Definitehu /hu/ the
Indefinitecho /ʧo/ a, some
  Uses of definite article that differ from English:
  • Definite article can be omitted: ‘I am going to supermarket’
  • Used to talk about countable nouns in general: English’s ‘I like cats’ would translate to ‘I like the cats’
  • Used for personal names in third person: ‘The Maria has left for school’
 

Pronouns

 
NominativeAccusativeGenitiveDativeLocativeAblativeInstrumental
1st singularcho /ʧo/ I a /ɑ/ me chu /ʧu/ mine tû /tʊ/ to me jû /ʤʊ/ to me ie /aɪ̯/ from me hû /hʊ/ with/using me
2nd singularnǔ /nʌ/ you thǔ /θʌ/ you nû /nʊ/ yours die /daɪ̯/ to you yie /jaɪ̯/ to you kǔ /kʌ/ from you thou /θaʊ̯/ with/using you
3rd singular mascjou /ʤaʊ̯/ he, it (masc) yo /jo/ his, it (masc) dû /dʊ/ his, its (masc) na /nɑ/ to his, to it (masc) dhou /ðaʊ̯/ to his, to it (masc) dhie /ðaɪ̯/ from his, from it (masc) ya /jɑ/ with/using his, with/using it (masc)
3rd singular fem /ʌ/ she, it (fem) tho /θo/ her, it (fem) sa /sɑ/ hers, its (fem) lo /lo/ to her, to it (fem) do /do/ to her, to it (fem) ra /ɹɑ/ from her, from it (fem) so /so/ with/using her, with/using it (fem)
1st pluralo /o/ we lu /lu/ us nie /naɪ̯/ ours hǔ /hʌ/ to us ru /ɹu/ to us yu /ju/ from us you /jaʊ̯/ with/using us
2nd pluralho /ho/ you all lie /laɪ̯/ you all no /no/ yours (pl) u /u/ to you all chǔ /ʧʌ/ to you all du /du/ from you all kû /kʊ/ with/using you all
3rd plural maschou /haʊ̯/ they (masc) lû /lʊ/ them (masc) zu /zu/ theirs (masc) kie /kaɪ̯/ to them (masc) lǔ /lʌ/ to them (masc) /ʊ/ from them (masc) tou /taʊ̯/ with/using them (masc)
3rd plural femro /ɹo/ they (fem) sha /ʃɑ/ them (fem) nu /nu/ theirs (fem) ja /ʤɑ/ to them (fem) shie /ʃaɪ̯/ to them (fem) tha /θɑ/ from them (fem) ta /tɑ/ with/using them (fem)
 

Possessive determiners

 
Possessive
1st singularchu /ʧu/ my
2nd singularnû /nʊ/ your
3rd singular mascyo /jo/ his
3rd singular femsa /sɑ/ her
1st pluralnie /naɪ̯/ our
2nd pluralno /no/ your (pl)
3rd plural masczu /zu/ their (masc)
3rd plural femnu /nu/ their (fem)
 

Verbs

 
PresentNo affix
dugu /ˈdugu/ learn
PastPrefix ɹʊ-
rûdugu /ɹʊˈdugu/ learned
Remote pastPrefix tʊ-
tûdugu /tʊˈdugu/ learned (long ago)
FuturePrefix ðaʊ̯-
dhoudugu /ðaʊ̯ˈdugu/ will learn
 

Imperfective aspect

  The ‘imperfective’ aspect refers to ongoing actions, such as I am learning and habitual actions, such as I learn (something new every day).
Urien uses an affix for imperfective:  
ImperfectivePrefix lɑ-
ladugu /lɑˈdugu/ learns/is learning
 

Numbers

  Urien has a base-10 number system:   1 - cha
2 - nǔ
3 - na
4 - tie
5 - dhou
6 - lo
7 - sǔ
8 - yo
9 - zounga
10 - ozho
100 - ûso
1000 - nuta
 

Derivational morphology

  Adjective → adverb = Prefix ɹu-
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Prefix jʊ-
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Prefix su-
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Prefix ʃu-
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = Prefix saʊ̯-
Noun to verb = Prefix nu-
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Prefix θaɪ̯-
Tending to = Prefix zɑ-
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Prefix kʊ-
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Prefix nɑ-
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Prefix ʤo-
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Prefix so-
Diminutive = Prefix ʤʌ-
Augmentative = Prefix ju-

Dictionary

3062 Words.
Spoken by
A tip with pronunciation of Urien is to avoid using your lips when speaking. The Kajuzurie do not use their lips to speak but rather to make facial expressions that help communicate their intentions, and so the sounds of the language are not meant to be pronounced without the use of lips.

 

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