Thresh
Natively known as: zhunů /ˈʒuːnʌ/
...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...dhay shoun lâ yås shoun pith dhay ser shoun rul wål oi joi
Pronunciation: /ðeɪ̯ ʃaʊ̯n lɜː jɑs ʃaʊ̯n piːθ ðeɪ̯ sɛɹ ʃaʊ̯n ɹuːl wɑl ɔɪ̯ ʤɔɪ̯/
Thresh word order: and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind
Spelling & Phonology
Consonant inventory: b d f g h j k l m n p s t v w z ð ŋ ɹ ʃ ʒ ʤ ʧ θ↓Manner/Place→ | Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Palato-alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||||
Stop | p b | t d | k g | |||||
Affricate | ʧ ʤ | |||||||
Fricative | f v | θ ð | s z | ʃ ʒ | h | |||
Approximant | ɹ | j | ||||||
Lateral approximant | l |
↓Manner/Place→ | Labial-velar |
---|---|
Approximant | w |
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
High | iː | uː | |
Near-high | ɪ | ʊ | |
Low-mid | ɛ | ɜː | ʌ ɔː |
Near-low | æ | ||
Low | ɑ |
Stress pattern: Penultimate — stress is on the second last syllable Spelling rules:
Pronunciation | Spelling |
---|---|
aɪ̯ | ie |
aʊ̯ | ou |
eɪ̯ | ay |
iː | i |
uː | u |
æ | a |
ɛ | e |
ɔː | o |
ɔɪ̯ | oi |
ɪ | î |
ʊ | û |
ɜː | â |
ʌ | ů |
ɑ | å |
j | y |
θ | th |
ð | dh |
ŋ | ng |
ɹ | r |
ʃ | sh |
ʒ | zh |
ʤ | j |
ʧ | ch |
Vː | VV |
̯ |
Grammar
Main word order: Subject Verb Object (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary opened the door with a key.Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: prepositions
Nouns
Articles
Thresh has no definite article ‘the’, or indefinite article ‘a’.Pronouns
1st singular | tun /tuːn/ I, me, mine |
2nd singular | deng /dɛŋ/ you, yours |
3rd singular masc | shoun /ʃaʊ̯n/ he, him, his |
3rd singular fem | mûb /mʊb/ she, her, hers |
3rd singular neuter | rûb /ɹʊb/ it, its |
1st plural | loi /lɔɪ̯/ we, us, ours |
2nd plural | doû /doʊ̯/ you all, yours (pl) |
3rd plural masc | rå /ɹɑ/ they (masc), them (masc), theirs (masc) |
3rd plural fem | mû /mʊ/ they (fem), them (fem), theirs (fem) |
3rd plural neuter | nûm /nʊm/ they (neut), them (neut), theirs (neut) |
Possessive determiners
1st singular | tun /tuːn/ my |
2nd singular | deng /dɛŋ/ your |
3rd singular masc | shoun /ʃaʊ̯n/ his |
3rd singular fem | mûb /mʊb/ her |
3rd singular neuter | rûb /ɹʊb/ its |
1st plural | loi /lɔɪ̯/ our |
2nd plural | doû /doʊ̯/ your (pl) |
3rd plural masc | rå /ɹɑ/ their (masc) |
3rd plural fem | mû /mʊ/ their (fem) |
3rd plural neuter | nûm /nʊm/ their (neut) |
Verbs
Present | No affix dûshpû /ˈdʊʃpʊ/ learn |
Past | Prefix mɔː- modûshpû /mɔːˈdʊʃpʊ/ learned |
Remote past | Prefix zɪ- zîdûshpû /zɪˈdʊʃpʊ/ learned (long ago) |
Future | If starts with vowel: Prefix w- Else: Prefix wuː- wudûshpû /wuːˈdʊʃpʊ/ will learn |
Progressive aspect
The ‘progressive’ aspect refers to actions that are happening at the time of speaking, such as I am learning.Thresh uses an affix for progressive:
Progressive | If starts with vowel: Prefix ʒ- Else: Prefix ʒæ- zhadûshpû /ʒæˈdʊʃpʊ/ is learning |
Habitual aspect
The ‘habitual’ aspect refers to actions that happen habitually, such as I learn (something new every day), as opposed to actions that happen once (I learned something).Thresh uses a standalone particle word for habitual:
Habitual | Particle before the verb: oʊ̯ - oû dûshpû /oʊ̯ ˈdʊʃpʊ/ learns |
Numbers
Thresh has a base-10 number system: 1 - sû2 - dhå
3 - zheth
4 - ûch
5 - dhî
6 - zîngbou
7 - deg
8 - yå
9 - yîs
10 - jou
Hundred - yû
Thousand - may
Derivational morphology
Adjective → adverb = If starts with vowel: Prefix ɹ-Else: Prefix ɹæ-
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Prefix θæ-
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix p-
Else: Prefix piː-
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Prefix dɛ-
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If starts with vowel: Prefix w-
Else: Prefix wʌ-
Noun to verb = If starts with vowel: Prefix ʒ-
Else: Prefix ʒuː-
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Prefix θʌ-
Tending to = Prefix mɔɪ̯-
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix ð-
Else: Prefix ðɑ-
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = If starts with vowel: Prefix t-
Else: Prefix tɔɪ̯-
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Prefix wɑ-
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = If starts with vowel: Prefix d-
Else: Prefix dɑ-
Diminutive = If starts with vowel: Prefix s-
Else: Prefix sɔɪ̯-
Augmentative = Prefix uː-
Dictionary
Join The Watchers
Watcher
Become a watcher and get access to things going on in Estia right now, and solve puzzles and clues right alongside the players!
Comments