Egypt

The nation of Egypt is both fairly young and ancient beyond compare.
Egypt has been populated since 10,000 BCE. However, most consider the true beginning of Egypt's history to begin with the Old Kingdom, the dynasties who ruled Egypt from 2700–2200 BCE and built the pyramids of Djoser and Giza.
In 332 BCE, Egypt was conquered by Alexander the Great. He placed Egypt under the control of his general, Ptolemy I Soter, who began the Ptolemaic Dynasty.
In 30 BCE, Cleopatra Ptolemy IV subjugated herself to Rome in return for continued rule of Egypt. This was granted, and for a time, Egypt was a vassal state of Rome. During this era, early Christianity came to Egypt. The Egyptian Christians blended the ideas of the young church with their ancient worship, much as they had done with the Roman gods before, creating a new and unique interpretation of Christianity.
In 639 CE, the Rashidun Caliphate (Muslim Arabs) invaded Egypt. As his ancestor had before him, Pharaoh Caesarion VI surrendered to his invaders, choosing submission over destruction. While reduced to a mere noble house, the House of Ptolemy remained a noble house in Egypt. In addition, while the Caliphate introduced Islam to Egypt, it tolerated the existing Christian faith as well.
In 1250, the French king Louis IX helped the Mamluks, a group of Christian slaves, to overthrow the Ayyubid Empire, another Muslim caliphate. Members of House Ptolemy joined his cause, converting to Christianity to gain both his favor and the acceptance of the Mamluks. When Louis IX left Egypt to Crusade elsewhere, House Ptolemy stepped once more into the role of Pharaoh, ruling Egypt.
House Ptolemy has ruled Egypt since.

Founding Date

1250

Type

Geopolitical, Kingdom

Capital

Alexandria

Leader

Theoris Meshkenet

Head of State

Theoris Meshkenet

Government System

Monarchy, Absolute

Power Structure

Feudal state

Controlled Territories

• Alexandria

Neighboring Nations

• Ottoman Empire