Kitab al-Tasrif | The Method of Medicine

Written by Andalusian scholar and, arguably, the first surgeon, Abū al-Qāsim Khalaf ibn al-'Abbās al-Zahrāwī al-Ansari. That's Al-Zahrawi for short. 
He is a personal friend of my protagonist and is the first person Syres trusts to experiment on him and know openly about his secret immortality. That work in human anatomy and physiology lead the great physician of Caliph Al-Hakam II to write his 50 year project - The Method of Medicine. This expansive work is a thirty-volume medical encyclopedia covering information about a wide variety of illnesses, injuries, medical conditions, treatments, and surgical procedures. It describes over 200 different surgical instruments and was translated over 200 years after it was written to form the basis of education for humanist scholars of medicine during the Renaissance and beyond. 

The text's highlight and conclusion is the final volume covering surgery and surgical instruments. In it, Al-Zahrawi details hundreds of instruments used for surgery including a procedure to crush bladder stones with a sort of lithotrite he called "michaab". Usually, this kind of surgery had to be done invasively and was unsuccessful and fatal. Other firsts were the invention and use of forceps to remove a dead fetus, the use of an anesthetic sponge, using gold and silver wires to ligate loosened teeth, and hooks with a double tip for use in surgery.
The encyclopedia also has detailed diagrams and descriptions of surgical instruments created and perfected by Al-Zahrawi including his pioneering and preferred method of cauterization. Though the description of surgical instruments is the most celebrated, there are also various other methods and breakthroughs this medical encyclopedia includes. His use of catgut for internal stitching is still practiced in modern surgery as it appears to be the only natural substance capable of dissolving. An observation Al-Zahrawi discovered after his monkey ate the strings of his oud! Other important breakthroughs Al-Zahrawi pioneered are the preparation of medicines by sublimation and distillation, the use of replantation in dentistry, and he described both what would later become known as "Kocher's method" for treating a dislocated shoulder and "Walcher position" in obstetrics.