Nylian

Natively known as: Nylian

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
zu mi gǒ mazh daɦi tit zu mazh bep khořjuzha řa imf yab
Pronunciation: /zu mi gɒ mæʒ ˈdæɦi tit zu mæʒ bep xoɾˈʤuʒæ ɾæ imf jæb/
Nylian word order: and he stood his hat holding and his wet face turned the wind to

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: /b d f g j k m n p r s t v x z ɣ ɦ ɾ ʒ ʤ ʧ/

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Alveolar	Palato-alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	m		n
Stop	p b		t d			k g
Affricate				ʧ ʤ
Fricative		f v	s z	ʒ		x ɣ	ɦ
Approximant					j
Tap			ɾ
Trill			r

Vowel inventory: /e i o u æ ɒ/

	Front	Back
High	i	u
High-mid	e	o
Near-low	æ
Low		ɒ

Syllable structure: (C)V(C)(C) Stress pattern: No fixed stress Word initial consonants: b, d, f, g, j, k, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, x, z, ɣ, ɦ, ɾ, ʒ, ʤ, ʧ Mid-word consonants: b, bb, bd, bm, bn, bs, bz, bɾ, bʒ, bʤ, d, dd, dv, dx, dʒ, f, fp, fr, ft, fɣ, g, gb, gf, gg, gk, gv, gx, gʧ, j, jf, jj, jk, jm, jz, jʒ, k, kb, kd, kf, kj, kr, kʧ, m, mb, mf, mg, mj, mm, mn, mr, ms, mv, mʒ, mʧ, n, nb, nd, nj, nn, np, nr, nz, nɣ, nɦ, nʒ, nʤ, p, pp, ps, pt, px, pz, r, rb, rd, rk, rm, rn, rt, rx, rz, rʒ, rʤ, s, sd, sg, sj, sk, sr, st, sv, sx, sz, t, tb, tk, tm, tn, tr, tt, tx, tɾ, v, vg, vj, vm, vr, vv, x, xf, xj, xr, xs, xt, xv, xz, z, zb, zd, zg, zn, zr, zt, zv, zz, ɣ, ɣm, ɣr, ɦ, ɾ, ɾb, ɾj, ɾn, ɾv, ɾʒ, ɾʤ, ʒ, ʒb, ʒd, ʒm, ʤ, ʤm, ʤr, ʤt, ʧ, ʧg, ʧm Word final consonants: b, bn, d, dn, dz, dʒ, f, ft, g, gs, gz, gʧ, j, jf, jj, js, jɾ, k, ks, m, mf, mz, n, nd, nf, nt, nx, p, pf, ps, r, rb, rd, rf, rm, rn, rp, rs, rt, rv, s, sk, sp, st, t, tm, ts, v, x, z, zd, ɣ, ɦ, ɾ, ɾb, ɾd, ɾg, ɾm, ɾt, ʒ, ʤ, ʧ
Phonological changes (in order of application):

• x → s / _k
• e → i / _#
• v → u / V_V

Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
j	y
x	kh
æ	a
ɒ	ǒ
ɣ	ǧ
ɾ	ř
ʒ	zh
ʤ	j
ʧ	ch

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Grammar

Main word order: Subject-Object-Verb-Oblique. "Mary opened the door with a key" turns into Mary the door opened with a key. Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun. Adposition: postpositions

Nouns

Nouns have six cases:

• Ergative is the doer of a verb: dog bites man.
• Accusative is the done-to of a verb: man bites dog.
• Genitive is the possessor of something: dog’s tail hits man.
• Dative is the recipeint of something: man gives ball to dog.
• Locative is the location of something: man goes to town.
• Ablative is movement away from something: man walks from town.

Ergative	Suffix -ɒ bizhaǒ /biʒæˈɒ/ dog (doing the verb to something)
Absolutive	No affix bizha /ˈbiʒæ/ dog (doing the verb not to something)
Genitive	Prefix o- obizha /oˈbiʒæ/ dogʼs
Dative	If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʤu Else: Suffix -oʤu bizhaju /biˈʒæʤu/ to (the/a) dog
Locative	Suffix -eʧ bizhaech /biˈʒæeʧ/ near/at/by (the/a) dog
Ablative	Prefix i- ibizha /ibiˈʒæ/ from (the/a) dog

	Masculine	Feminine
Singular	No affix zug /zug/ man	No affix mij /miʤ/ woman
Plural	Prefix gi- gizug /ˈgizug/ men	Suffix -i miji /miˈʤi/ women

Articles

Nylian has no definite article ‘the’, or indefinite article ‘a’.

Pronouns

	Ergative	Absolutive	Genitive	Dative	Locative	Ablative
1st singular	bo /bo/ I	day /dæj/ me, I	me /me/ mine	chut /ʧut/ to me	ti /ti/ at me	gi /gi/ from me
2nd singular	pi /pi/ you	vim /vim/ you	sun /sun/ yours	bi /bi/ to you	zhǒ /ʒɒ/ at you	ɦe /ɦe/ from you
3rd singular masc	mi /mi/ he	che /ʧe/ him, he	mazh /mæʒ/ his	řu /ɾu/ to him	rev /rev/ at him	min /min/ from him
3rd singular fem	gub /gub/ she	ga /gæ/ her, she	khoř /xoɾ/ hers	i /i/ to her	řǒ /ɾɒ/ at her	zhi /ʒi/ from her
1st plural	mech /meʧ/ we	khech /xeʧ/ us, we	zukh /zux/ ours	ǧon /ɣon/ to us	saɦ /sæɦ/ at us	yoys /jojs/ from us
2nd plural	jǒ /ʤɒ/ you (all)	mas /mæs/ you (all)	ji /ʤi/ yours	yad /jæd/ to you (all)	iř /iɾ/ at you (all)	ze /ze/ from you (all)
3rd plural masc	fig /fig/ they	dab /dæb/ them, they	na /næ/ theirs	zup /zup/ to them	ko /ko/ at them	ɦa /ɦæ/ from them
3rd plural fem	pa /pæ/ they	da /dæ/ them, they	vǒ /vɒ/ theirs	si /si/ to them	rǒ /rɒ/ at them	ɦur /ɦur/ from them

Possessive determiners

1st singular	me /me/ my
2nd singular	sun /sun/ your
3rd singular masc	mazh /mæʒ/ his
3rd singular fem	khoř /xoɾ/ her
1st plural	zukh /zux/ our
2nd plural	sun /sun/ your
3rd plural masc	na /næ/ their
3rd plural fem	na /næ/ their

Verbs

Future

If starts with vowel: Prefix ɒk- Else: Prefix ɒko- ǒkoɦubbi /ɒˌkoɦubˈbi/ will study

Revroian uses a standalone particle word for past tense:

Past	yi /ji/ past particle

Numbers

Revroian has a base-20 number system:
1 - sit 2 - ip 3 - ɦukh 4 - katri 5 - kankh 6 - dag 7 - geř 8 - ka 9 - tu 10 - tidz 11 - janit 12 - mert 13 - mimupa 14 - kazha 15 - bedzhech 16 - miǧa 17 - miɦoǧus 18 - rekbǒb 19 - nusupe 20 - zhos 21 - sit zu zhos “one and twenty” 400 - sit sis “one fourhundred” 401 - sit sis zu sit “one fourhundred and one” 800 - ip sis “two fourhundred” 8000 - sit izh “one eightthousand”

Derivational morphology

Adjective → adverb = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʤæ Else: Suffix -æʤæ Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Suffix -i Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Suffix -ez Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Suffix -i Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If starts with vowel: Prefix j- Else: Prefix je- Noun → verb (to create [noun]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -d Else: Suffix -ed Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Prefix ʤi- Verb → adjective (likely to do [verb]) = Suffix -i Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Suffix -ed Verb → noun that verb physically produces (e.g. build → building) = If starts with vowel: Prefix r- Else: Prefix ro- One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = If starts with vowel: Prefix d- Else: Prefix dæ- Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Prefix i- Diminutive = If ends with vowel: Suffix -xe Else: Suffix -uxe Augmentative = If ends with vowel: Suffix -n Else: Suffix -on

Dictionary

4388 Words.

Successor Languages

• Darionic