Adamant—Metallic diamond*
Antimony
Brass—Copper and zinc alloy
Orichalc—Copper, with zinc, nickel, lead, and iron*
It was second only to gold in value
Tombac—Copper plus zink, tin, or arsenic for inexpensive goods
Bronze—Copper with tin added
Arsenical Bronze—Copper plus arsenic, perhaps with tin as well
Bell metal—AKA bell bronze, it is bronze with extra tin content
Corinthian bronze—Copper with gold and silver, it was prized and expensive
Gunmetal—AKA red brass, is copper tin, phospherous, or zinc
Hepatizon—AKA Black corinthian gold, is high grade copper, with gold and silver, darkened
Speculum Metal—2/3 Copper, 1/3 tin, brittle but reflective, good for mirrors
Copper
Arsenical Copper—Copper plus arsenic for strength and durability
Billon—Copper base plus mercury or silver for coins & medals
Green gold—Copper with gold added
Gold
Electrum—AKA Green gold is half gold half silver
Grey Gold—Gold with iron and copper
Rose Gold—AKA Red or pink gold with copper added
Yellow Gold—The most pure gold
Iron
Meteoric Iron—Usually contains nickel, not optimal for use
Pig Iron—Brittle. Iron plus carbon fuel and lime flux
Wrought iron
Lead
Antimonial Lead—Lead with high percentage of antimony
Arsenical Lead—Adds strength and durability
Leaded Copper
Mercury—AKA Quicksilver and Hydrargyrum
Nickel—AKA Devil’s copper, primarily used in alloys
Silver
Niello—AKA Black gold is silver with copper and sulpher
Sterling Silver—Silver plus 7.5% copper
Steel—Iron alloyed with carbon
Bloomery Steel—Predecessor to crucible steel
Crucible Steel—Steel melted to liquid state and relatively free of inclusians and imperfections
Damascus steel—AKA Watered steel, made from Wootz steel
Nickel Steel—Used in plate armor and chain maille
Pattern Welded Steel
Spring steel—Heat treated to add springiness
Wootz Steel—AKA Fountain steel, or bulat, an advanced carbonization process
Tin
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